(75) Ir-riskji għad-drittijiet u l-libertajiet tal-persuni fiżiċi, bi probabbiltà u gravità li jvarjaw, jistgħu jirriżultaw mill-ipproċessar ta’ data personali li tista’ twassal għal dannu fiżiku, materjali jew mhux materjali, b’mod partikolari fejn l-ipproċessar jista’ jagħti lok għal diskriminazzjoni, serq ta’ identità jew frodi, telf finanzjarju, dannu għar-reputazzjoni, telf ta’ kunfidenzjalità ta’ data personali protetta mis-segretezza professjonali, it-treġġigħ lura mhux awtorizzat tal-psewdonimizzazzjoni, jew kwalunkwe żvantaġġ ekonomiku jew soċjali sinifikanti ieħor; jew fejn is-suġġetti tad-data jistgħu jiġu mċaħħda mid-drittijiet u l-libertajiet tagħhom jew impediti milli jeżerċitaw kontroll fuq id-data personali tagħhom; fejn tiġi pproċessata data personali li tiżvela l-oriġini razzjali jew etnika, l-opinjonijiet politiċi, it-twemmin reliġjuż jew filosofiku, is-sħubija fi trade union, u l-ipproċessar ta’ data ġenetika, data dwar is-saħħa jew data dwar il-ħajja sesswali jew kundanni kriminali u reati jew miżuri ta’ sigurtà relatati; fejn l-aspetti personali jiġu evalwati, b’mod partikolari l-analiżi jew it-tbassir ta’ aspetti rigward il-prestazzjoni fuq ix-xogħol, is-sitwazzjoni ekonomika, is-saħħa, il-preferenzi jew l-interessi personali, l-affidabbiltà jew l-imġiba, il-lokalizzazzjoni jew il-movimenti, sabiex jinħolqu jew jintużaw profili personali; fejn tiġi proċessata data personali ta’ persuni fiżiċi vulnerabbli, b’mod partikolari ta’ tfal; jew fejn l-ipproċessar jinvolvi ammont kbir ta’ data personali u jaffettwa numru kbir ta’ suġġetti tad-data.
(75) The risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, of varying likelihood and severity, may result from personal data processing which could lead to physical, material or non-material damage, in particular: where the processing may give rise to discrimination, identity theft or fraud, financial loss, damage to the reputation, loss of confidentiality of personal data protected by professional secrecy, unauthorised reversal of pseudonymisation, or any other significant economic or social disadvantage; where data subjects might be deprived of their rights and freedoms or prevented from exercising control over their personal data; where personal data are processed which reveal racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religion or philosophical beliefs, trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, data concerning health or data concerning sex life or criminal convictions and offences or related security measures; where personal aspects are evaluated, in particular analysing or predicting aspects concerning performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences or interests, reliability or behaviour, location or movements, in order to create or use personal profiles; where personal data of vulnerable natural persons, in particular of children, are processed; or where processing involves a large amount of personal data and affects a large number of data subjects.
(86) Il-kontrollur għandu jikkomunika lis-suġġett tad-data ksur ta' data personali, mingħajr dewmien żejjed, meta dak il-ksur tad-data personali x'aktarx jirriżulta f'riskju għoli għad-drittijiet u l-libertajiet tal-persuna fiżika, sabiex tkun tista' tieħu l-prekawzjonijiet meħtieġa. Il-komunikazzjoni għandha tiddeskrivi n-natura tal-vjolazzjoni tad-data personali kif ukoll rakkomandazzjonijiet lill-persuna fiżika kkonċernata biex jitnaqqsu l-effetti negattivi potenzjali. Tali komunikazzjonijiet lis-suġġetti tad-data għandhom jsiru malajr kemm jista' jkun raġonevolment fattibbli u f'kooperazzjoni mill-qrib mal-awtorità superviżorja, b'mod li jirrispetta l-gwida mogħtija minnha jew minn awtoritajiet rilevanti oħra, bħal awtoritajiet tal-infurzar tal-liġi. Pereżempju, il-bżonn li jitnaqqas riskju immedjat ta' dannu jitlob komunikazzjoni immedjata mas-suġġetti tad-data filwaqt li l-ħtieġa li jiġu implimentati miżuri adatti kontra każijiet kontinwi jew simili ta' vjolazzjoni ta' data personali tista' tiġġustifika żmien itwal għal komunikazzjoni
(86) The controller should communicate to the data subject a personal data breach, without undue delay, where that personal data breach is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of the natural person in order to allow him or her to take the necessary precautions. The communication should describe the nature of the personal data breach as well as recommendations for the natural person concerned to mitigate potential adverse effects. Such communications to data subjects should be made as soon as reasonably feasible and in close cooperation with the supervisory authority, respecting guidance provided by it or by other relevant authorities such as law-enforcement authorities. For example, the need to mitigate an immediate risk of damage would call for prompt communication with data subjects whereas the need to implement appropriate measures against continuing or similar personal data breaches may justify more time for communication.
(87) Għandu jiġi vverifikat jekk kull protezzjoni teknoloġika xierqa u miżuri organizzattivi ġewx implimentati biex jiġi stabbilit immedjatament jekk seħħitx vjolazzjoni ta' data personali u biex jiġu informati minnufih l-awtorità superviżorja u s-suġġett tad-data. Il-fatt li n-notifika saret mingħajr dewmien żejjed għandu jiġi stabbilit filwaqt li jitqiesu b'mod partikolari n-natura u l-gravità tal-vjolazzjoni tad-data personali u l-konsegwenzi u l-effetti negattivi tagħha għas-suġġett tad-data. Notifika bħal din tista' tirriżulta f'intervent mill-awtorità superviżorja f'konformità mal-kompiti u s-setgħat tagħha stabbiliti f'dan ir-Regolament.
(87) It should be ascertained whether all appropriate technological protection and organisational measures have been implemented to establish immediately whether a personal data breach has taken place and to inform promptly the supervisory authority and the data subject. The fact that the notification was made without undue delay should be established taking into account in particular the nature and gravity of the personal data breach and its consequences and adverse effects for the data subject. Such notification may result in an intervention of the supervisory authority in accordance with its tasks and powers laid down in this Regulation.
(88) Waqt l-istabbiliment ta' regoli dettaljati dwar il-format u l-proċeduri applikabbli għan-notifika ta' vjolazzjoni ta' data personali, għandha tingħata konsiderazzjoni xierqa liċ-ċirkostanzi ta' dik il-vjolazzjoni, inkluż jekk id-data personali kinitx protetta b'miżuri adatti ta' protezzjoni teknika, li jnaqqsu b'mod effettiv il-possibbiltà ta' frodi tal-identità jew forom oħra ta' użu ħażin. Barra minn hekk, dawn ir-regoli u l-proċeduri għandhom jikkunsidraw l-interessi leġittimi tal-awtoritajiet tal-infurzar tal-liġi fejn l-iżvelar bikri jista' jxekkel mingħajr bżonn l-investigazzjoni taċ-ċirkostanzi ta' vjolazzjoni ta' data personali.
(88) In setting detailed rules concerning the format and procedures applicable to the notification of personal data breaches, due consideration should be given to the circumstances of that breach, including whether or not personal data had been protected by appropriate technical protection measures, effectively limiting the likelihood of identity fraud or other forms of misuse. Moreover, such rules and procedures should take into account the legitimate interests of law-enforcement authorities where early disclosure could unnecessarily hamper the investigation of the circumstances of a personal data breach.
(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27002, section 16.1.1.
Here is the relevant paragraph to article 34 GDPR:
6.13.1.1 Responsibilities and procedures
Implementation guidance
As part of the overall information security incident management process, the organization should establish responsibilities and procedures for the identification and recording of breaches of PII. Additionally, the organization should establish responsibilities and procedures related to notification to required parties of PII breaches (including the timing of such notifications) and the disclosure to authorities, taking into account the applicable legislation and/or regulation.
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