Aithris 51
Recital 51
(51) Tá cosaint ar leith dlite do shonraí pearsanta ar de chineál fíor-íogair iad maidir le cearta bunúsacha agus saoirsí bunúsacha, toisc go bhféadfaí rioscaí suntasacha a chruthú do na cearta bunúsacha agus saoirsí bunúsacha mar thoradh ar chomhthéacs a bpróiseála.
Ba cheart a áireamh ar na sonraí pearsanta sin sonraí pearsanta lena nochttar tionscnamh ciníoch nó eitneach, ar an tuiscint nach é an bhrí a bhainfear as úsáid an téarma “tionscnamh eitneach” sa Rialachán seo go nglactar san Aontas le teoiricí lena ndéantar iarracht a chinneadh gur ann do chiníocha daonna ar leith.
Níor cheart a mheas go córasach gur próiseáil catagóirí speisialta sonraí pearsanta atá i bpróiseáil grianghraf ós rud é go gcumhdaítear iad leis an sainmhíniú ar shonraí bithmhéadracha sa chás nuar a dhéantar iad a phróiseáil trí mhodh sonrach teicniúil lena gceadaítear sainaithint uathúil nó fíordheimhniú uathúil duine nádúrtha agus sa chás sin amháin.
Níor cheart sonraí pearsanta den sórt sin a phróiseáil, ach amháin má cheadaítear an phróiseáil i gcásanna sonracha a leagtar amach sa Rialachán seo, ag cur san áireamh gur féidir forálacha sonracha a leagan síos i ndlí an Bhallstáit sin maidir le cosaint sonraí d’fhonn cur i bhfeidhm na rialacha sa Rialachán seo a chur in oiriúint chun go gcomhlíonfaí oibleagáid dhlíthiúil nó chun cúram a chur i gcrích a dhéantar ar mhaithe le leas an phobail nó i bhfeidhmiú údaráis oifigiúil atá dílsithe don rialaitheoir.
I dteannta na gceanglas sonrach maidir le próiseáil den sórt sin, ba cheart feidhm a bheith ag na prionsabail ghinearálta agus ag na rialacha eile atá sa Rialachán seo, go háirithe maidir leis na coinníollacha i ndáil le próiseáil dhleathach.
Maoluithe ón toirmeasc ginearálta chun catagóirí speisialta sonraí pearsanta den sórt sin a phróiseáil, ba cheart foráil a dhéanamh go sainráite dóibh, inter alia, i gcás ina dtugann an t-ábhar sonraí a thoiliú nó a toiliú sainráite nó maidir le riachtanais shonracha, go háirithe i gcás ina ndéanann comhlachais nó fondúireachtaí áirithe an phróiseáil le linn gníomhaíochtaí dlisteanacha arb é is críoch dóibh go gceadaítear saoirsí bunúsacha a fheidhmiú.
(51) Personal data which are, by their nature, particularly sensitive in relation to fundamental rights and freedoms merit specific protection as the context of their processing could create significant risks to the fundamental rights and freedoms.
Those personal data should include personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, whereby the use of the term ‘racial origin’ in this Regulation does not imply an acceptance by the Union of theories which attempt to determine the existence of separate human races.
The processing of photographs should not systematically be considered to be processing of special categories of personal data as they are covered by the definition of biometric data only when processed through a specific technical means allowing the unique identification or authentication of a natural person.
Such personal data should not be processed, unless processing is allowed in specific cases set out in this Regulation, taking into account that Member States law may lay down specific provisions on data protection in order to adapt the application of the rules of this Regulation for compliance with a legal obligation or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller.
In addition to the specific requirements for such processing, the general principles and other rules of this Regulation should apply, in particular as regards the conditions for lawful processing.
Derogations from the general prohibition for processing such special categories of personal data should be explicitly provided, inter alia, where the data subject gives his or her explicit consent or in respect of specific needs in particular where the processing is carried out in the course of legitimate activities by certain associations or foundations the purpose of which is to permit the exercise of fundamental freedoms.
The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.