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Airteagal 32 RGCS (GDPR). Slándáil na próiseála

Article 32 GDPR. Security of processing

1. Agus an úrscothacht, na costais a bhaineann leis an gcur chun feidhme, agus cineál, comhthéacs, raon feidhme agus cuspóirí na próiseála á gcur san áireamh mar aon leis na rioscaí do chearta agus do shaoirsí daoine nádúrtha, ar rioscaí iad a d’fhéadfadh teacht chun cinn agus leibhéal athraitheach déine ag gabháil leo, cuirfidh an rialaitheoir agus an próiseálaí bearta iomchuí teicniúla agus eagraíochtúla chun feidhme chun leibhéal slándála a áirithiú is iomchuí don riosca sin, lena n-áirítear, inter alia, de réir mar is iomchuí:

1. Taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risk of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller and the processor shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk, including inter alia as appropriate:

Dlí Treoirlínte & Cásanna Téacsanna gaolmhara

(a) ainm bréige a chur i bhfeidhm agus criptiú a dhéanamh i ndáil le sonraí pearsanta;

(a) the pseudonymisation and encryption of personal data;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 32(1)(a) GDPR:

7.4.5 PII de-identification and deletion at the end of processing

Control

The organization should either delete PII or render it in a form which does not permit identification or re-identification of PII principals, as soon as the original PII is no longer necessary for the identified purpose(s).

Implementation guidance

The organization should have mechanisms to erase the PII when no further processing is anticipated.

(EN) […]


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Dlí Treoirlínte & Cásanna

(b) an cumas rúndacht leanúnach, sláine, infhaighteacht agus athléimneacht na gcóras agus na seirbhísí próiseála a áirithiú;

(b) the ability to ensure the ongoing confidentiality, integrity, availability and resilience of processing systems and services;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27001, section 6.1.2.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 32(1)(b) GDPR:

5.4.1.2 Information security risk assessment

6.1.2 c) 1) is refined as follows:

The organization shall apply the information security risk assessment process to identify risks associated with the loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability, within the scope of the PIMS.

(EN) […]


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(c) an cumas infhaighteacht agus rochtain ar shonraí pearsanta a athshlánú ar mhodh tráthúil sa chás ina dtarlaíonn teagmhas fisiciúil nó teicniúil;

(c) the ability to restore the availability and access to personal data in a timely manner in the event of a physical or technical incident;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27002, section 12.3.1.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 32(1)(c) GDPR:

6.9.3.1 Information backup

Implementation guidance

The organization should have a policy which addresses the requirements for backup, recovery and restoration of PII (which can be part of an overall information backup policy) and any further requirements (e.g. contractual and/or legal requirements) for the erasure of PII contained in information held for backup requirements.

(EN) […]


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(d) próiseas chun tástáil, measúnú agus meastóireacht rialta a dhéanamh ar éifeachtúlacht na mbeart teicniúil agus eagraíochtúil chun slándáil na próiseála a áirithiú.

(d) a process for regularly testing, assessing and evaluating the effectiveness of technical and organisational measures for ensuring the security of the processing.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27002, section 18.2.1.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 32(1)(d) GDPR:

6.15.2.1 Independent review of information security

Implementation guidance

Where an organization is acting as a PII processor, and where individual customer audits are impractical or can increase risks to security, the organization should make available to customers, prior to entering into, and for the duration of, a contract, independent evidence that information security is implemented and operated in accordance with the organization’s policies and procedures.

(EN) […]


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2. Agus measúnú á dhéanamh ar leibhéal iomchuí slándála, tabharfar aird go háirithe ar na rioscaí a bhaineann leis an bpróiseáil, go háirithe scrios, cailleadh, athrú nó nochtadh neamhúdaraithe sonraí pearsanta a rinneadh a tharchur, a stóráil nó a phróiseáil ar bhealach eile, nó rochtain neamhúdaraithe ar na sonraí sin, bíodh sé sin de thaisme nó neamhdhleathach.

2. In assessing the appropriate level of security account shall be taken in particular of the risks that are presented by processing, in particular from accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27001, section 4.3.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 32(2) GDPR:

5.2.3 Determining the scope of the information security management system

When determining the scope of the PIMS, the organization shall include the processing of PII.

(EN) […]


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Recitals

(83) Chun an tslándáil a chothabháil agus chun cosc a chur ar phróiseáil de shárú ar an Rialachán seo, ba cheart don rialaitheoir nó don phróiseálaí meastóireacht a dhéanamh ar na rioscaí a bhaineann go bunúsach leis an bpróiseáil agus ba cheart dó bearta, amhail criptiú, a chur chun feidhme chun na rioscaí sin a mhaolú. Ba cheart leibhéal iomchuí slándála a áirithiú leis na bearta sin, lena n-áirítear rúndacht, agus aird á tabhairt ar staid na teicníochta agus ar na costais a bhaineann le cur chun feidhme maidir leis na rioscaí agus le cineál na sonraí pearsanta atá le cosaint. Agus an riosca maidir le slándáil sonraí á mheasúnú, ba cheart breathnú ar na rioscaí a eascraíonn as próiseáil sonraí pearsanta, amhail scrios, cailleadh, athrú, nó nochtadh neamhúdaraithe sonraí pearsanta a rinneadh a tharchur, a stóráil nó a phróiseáil ar bhealach éigin eile, nó rochtain neamhúdaraithe ar na sonraí sin, bíodh sé sin de thaisme nó neamhdhleathach, agus ar rioscaí iad a d'fhéadfadh damáiste fisiciúil, ábhartha nó neamhábhartha go háirithe teacht astu.

(83) In order to maintain security and to prevent processing in infringement of this Regulation, the controller or processor should evaluate the risks inherent in the processing and implement measures to mitigate those risks, such as encryption. Those measures should ensure an appropriate level of security, including confidentiality, taking into account the state of the art and the costs of implementation in relation to the risks and the nature of the personal data to be protected. In assessing data security risk, consideration should be given to the risks that are presented by personal data processing, such as accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed which may in particular lead to physical, material or non-material damage.

3. Má chloítear le cód formheasta iompair amhail dá dtagraítear in Airteagal 40 nó le sásra formheasta deimhniúcháin amhail dá dtagraítear in Airteagal 42, féadfar sin a úsáid mar eilimint lena thaispeáint go gcomhlíontar na ceanglais a leagtar amach i mír 1 den Airteagal seo.

3. Adherence to an approved code of conduct as referred to in Article 40 or an approved certification mechanism as referred to in Article 42 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in paragraph 1 of this Article.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27001, section 4.1.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 32(3) GDPR:

5.2.1 Understanding the organization and its context

The organization shall include among its interested parties (see ISO/IEC 27001:2013, 4.2), those parties having interests or responsibilities associated with the processing of PII, including the PII principals.

(EN) […]


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Téacsanna gaolmhara

4. Déanfaidh an rialaitheoir agus an próiseálaí bearta lena áirithiú nach ndéanann aon duine nádúrtha atá ag gníomhú faoi údarás an rialaitheora nó an phróiseálaí agus a bhfuil rochtain aige ar shonraí pearsanta na sonraí sin a phróiseáil ach amháin ar threoracha a fháil chuige sin ón rialaitheoir, seachas más gá dó nó di sin a dhéanamh faoi dhlí an Aontais nó faoi dhlí Ballstáit.

4. The controller and processor shall take steps to ensure that any natural person acting under the authority of the controller or the processor who has access to personal data does not process them except on instructions from the controller, unless he or she is required to do so by Union or Member State law.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 32(4) GDPR:

7.2.1 Identify and document purpose

Control

The organization should identify and document the specific purposes for which the PII will be processed.

Implementation guidance

The organization should ensure that PII principals understand the purpose for which their PII is processed. It is the responsibility of the organization to clearly document and communicate this to PII principals.

(EN) […]


to read the full text

Recitals Dlí Treoirlínte & Cásanna Leave a comment
Recitals

(83) Chun an tslándáil a chothabháil agus chun cosc a chur ar phróiseáil de shárú ar an Rialachán seo, ba cheart don rialaitheoir nó don phróiseálaí meastóireacht a dhéanamh ar na rioscaí a bhaineann go bunúsach leis an bpróiseáil agus ba cheart dó bearta, amhail criptiú, a chur chun feidhme chun na rioscaí sin a mhaolú. Ba cheart leibhéal iomchuí slándála a áirithiú leis na bearta sin, lena n-áirítear rúndacht, agus aird á tabhairt ar staid na teicníochta agus ar na costais a bhaineann le cur chun feidhme maidir leis na rioscaí agus le cineál na sonraí pearsanta atá le cosaint. Agus an riosca maidir le slándáil sonraí á mheasúnú, ba cheart breathnú ar na rioscaí a eascraíonn as próiseáil sonraí pearsanta, amhail scrios, cailleadh, athrú, nó nochtadh neamhúdaraithe sonraí pearsanta a rinneadh a tharchur, a stóráil nó a phróiseáil ar bhealach éigin eile, nó rochtain neamhúdaraithe ar na sonraí sin, bíodh sé sin de thaisme nó neamhdhleathach, agus ar rioscaí iad a d'fhéadfadh damáiste fisiciúil, ábhartha nó neamhábhartha go háirithe teacht astu.

(83) In order to maintain security and to prevent processing in infringement of this Regulation, the controller or processor should evaluate the risks inherent in the processing and implement measures to mitigate those risks, such as encryption. Those measures should ensure an appropriate level of security, including confidentiality, taking into account the state of the art and the costs of implementation in relation to the risks and the nature of the personal data to be protected. In assessing data security risk, consideration should be given to the risks that are presented by personal data processing, such as accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed which may in particular lead to physical, material or non-material damage.

(74) Ba cheart freagracht agus dliteanas an rialaitheora a shuíomh maidir le haon phróiseáil a dhéanann an rialaitheoir ar shonraí pearsanta nó a dhéantar thar ceann an rialaitheora. Go háirithe, ba cheart é a bheith d'oibleagáid ar an rialaitheoir bearta iomchuí éifeachtacha a chur chun feidhme agus a bheith in ann a thaispeáint go gcomhlíontar an Rialachán seo leis na gníomhaíochtaí próiseála, agus éifeachtacht na mbeart a léiriú freisin. Leis na bearta sin, ba cheart cineál, raon feidhme, comhthéacs agus críocha na próiseála a chur san áireamh agus an riosca atá ann i leith chearta agus shaoirsí na ndaoine nádúrtha a chur san áireamh freisin.

(74) The responsibility and liability of the controller for any processing of personal data carried out by the controller or on the controller's behalf should be established. In particular, the controller should be obliged to implement appropriate and effective measures and be able to demonstrate the compliance of processing activities with this Regulation, including the effectiveness of the measures. Those measures should take into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing and the risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.

(75) Maidir leis na rioscaí i dtaca le cearta agus saoirsí daoine nádúrtha, ar rioscaí iad lena ngabhann dóchúlacht agus déine éagsúil, mar thoradh ar phróiseáil sonraí pearsanta as damáiste fisiciúil, ábhartha nó neamhábhartha, go háirithe sna cásanna seo a leanas: i gcás ina n-eascródh idirdhealú, goid aitheantais nó calaois aitheantais, caillteanas airgeadais, damáiste don chlú, caillteanas rúndacht na sonraí pearsanta sin atá faoi chosaint de réir rúndacht ghairmiúil, aisiompú neamhúdaraithe cur i bhfeidhm ainm bréige, nó aon mhíbhuntáiste eacnamaíoch nó sóisialta eile atá suntasach as an bpróiseáil; i gcás ina bhféadfadh sé go ndéanfaí cearta agus saoirsí na n-ábhar sonraí a cheilt orthu nó go gcoisfí iad ó rialú a dhéanamh ar fheidhmiú a gcuid sonraí pearsanta; i gcás ina ndéantar próiseáil ar shonraí pearsanta lena léirítear tionscnamh ciníoch nó eitneach, tuairimí polaitiúla, creideamh reiligiúnach nó fealsúnach, ballraíocht i gceardchumann, agus próiseáil sonraí géiniteacha, sonraí a bhaineann leis an tsláinte nó sonraí a bhaineann le saol gnéis nó le ciontuithe coiriúla agus cionta nó le bearta slándála gaolmhara; i gcás ina ndéantar meastóireacht ar ghnéithe pearsanta, go háirithe anailísiú nó tuar ar ghnéithe maidir le feidhmiú ag an obair, maidir leis an staid eacnamaíoch, sláinte, roghanna nó leas pearsanta, iontaofacht nó iompraíocht, suíomh nó gluaiseachtaí, chun próifílí pearsanta a chruthú nó a úsáid; i gcás ina ndéantar próiseáil ar shonraí pearsanta daoine nádúrtha leochaileacha, go háirithe leanaí; nó i gcás ina bhfuil cainníocht mhór sonraí pearsanta i gceist leis an bpróiseáil agus ina mbíonn tionchar ag an bpróiseáil sin ar líon mór ábhar sonraí.

(75) The risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, of varying likelihood and severity, may result from personal data processing which could lead to physical, material or non-material damage, in particular: where the processing may give rise to discrimination, identity theft or fraud, financial loss, damage to the reputation, loss of confidentiality of personal data protected by professional secrecy, unauthorised reversal of pseudonymisation, or any other significant economic or social disadvantage; where data subjects might be deprived of their rights and freedoms or prevented from exercising control over their personal data; where personal data are processed which reveal racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religion or philosophical beliefs, trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, data concerning health or data concerning sex life or criminal convictions and offences or related security measures; where personal aspects are evaluated, in particular analysing or predicting aspects concerning performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences or interests, reliability or behaviour, location or movements, in order to create or use personal profiles; where personal data of vulnerable natural persons, in particular of children, are processed; or where processing involves a large amount of personal data and affects a large number of data subjects.

(76) Dóchúlacht agus déine an riosca sin maidir le cearta agus saoirsí an ábhair sonraí, ba cheart an dóchúlacht agus an déine sin a chinneadh faoi threoir chineál, raon feidhme, chomhthéacs agus chríocha na próiseála sonraí. Ba cheart an riosca a mheas ar bhonn measúnú oibiachtúil, lena suitear an mbaineann riosca nó ardriosca le hoibríochtaí próiseála sonraí.

(76) The likelihood and severity of the risk to the rights and freedoms of the data subject should be determined by reference to the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing. Risk should be evaluated on the basis of an objective assessment, by which it is established whether data processing operations involve a risk or a high risk.

(77) Treoir maidir le bearta iomchuí a chur chun feidhme agus maidir lena thaispeáint go bhfuil siad á gcomhlíonadh ag an rialaitheoir nó ag an bpróiseálaí, go háirithe i ndáil leis na rioscaí a bhaineann leis an bpróiseáil a shainaithint, measúnú a dhéanamh orthu i dtéarmaí tionscnaimh, cineáil, dóchúlachta agus déine, agus na cleachtais is fearr a shainaithint leis an riosca a mhaolú, d'fhéadfaí an treoir sin a chur ar fáil go háirithe trí bhíthin cóid fhormheasta iompair, deimhniúcháin fhormheasta, treoirlínte a chuireann an Bord ar fáil nó trí bhíthin léirithe a chuireann an t-oifigeach cosanta sonraí ar fáil. Féadfaidh an Bord treoirlínte a eisiúint freisin maidir le hoibríochtaí próiseála a meastar nach mbeadh ardriosca ag gabháil leo i ndáil le cearta agus saoirsí daoine nádúrtha agus féadfaidh siad freisin na bearta a léiriú a d'fhéadfadh a bheith leordhóthanach i gcásanna den sórt sin chun aghaidh a thabhairt ar riosca den sórt sin.

(77) Guidance on the implementation of appropriate measures and on the demonstration of compliance by the controller or the processor, especially as regards the identification of the risk related to the processing, their assessment in terms of origin, nature, likelihood and severity, and the identification of best practices to mitigate the risk, could be provided in particular by means of approved codes of conduct, approved certifications, guidelines provided by the Board or indications provided by a data protection officer. The Board may also issue guidelines on processing operations that are considered to be unlikely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons and indicate what measures may be sufficient in such cases to address such risk.

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