SUVP (GDPR)
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Člen 89. Zaščitni ukrepi in odstopanja v zvezi z obdelavo v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene
Člen 89 SUVP (GDPR). Zaščitni ukrepi in odstopanja v zvezi z obdelavo v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene
Article 89 GDPR. Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes
1. Za obdelavo v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene se v skladu s to uredbo uporabljajo ustrezni zaščitni ukrepi za pravice in svoboščine posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki. S temi zaščitnimi ukrepi se zagotovi, da se sprejmejo tehnični in organizacijski ukrepi, s katerimi se zagotovi zlasti spoštovanje načela najmanjšega obsega podatkov. Ti ukrepi lahko vključujejo psevdonimizacijo, kadar se ti nameni lahko uresničijo na ta način. Kadar se ti nameni lahko uresničijo z nadaljnjo obdelavo, ki ne omogoča ali več ne omogoča identifikacije posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo podatki, se ti nameni uresničijo na ta način.
1. Processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Those safeguards shall ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in particular in order to ensure respect for the principle of data minimisation. Those measures may include pseudonymisation provided that those purposes can be fulfilled in that manner. Where those purposes can be fulfilled by further processing which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects, those purposes shall be fulfilled in that manner.
2. Kadar se osebni podatki obdelujejo v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene, se lahko v pravu Unije ali pravu države članice določijo odstopanja od pravic iz členov 15, 16, 18 in 21, za katere veljajo pogoji in zaščitni ukrepi iz odstavka 1 tega člena, kolikor je verjetno, da bi takšne pravice onemogočile ali resno ovirale doseganje posebnih namenov in kolikor so takšna odstopanja nujna za uresničitev teh namenov.
2. Where personal data are processed for scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, Union or Member State law may provide for derogations from the rights referred to in Articles 15, 16, 18 and 21 subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article in so far as such rights are likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the specific purposes, and such derogations are necessary for the fulfilment of those purposes.
3. Kadar se osebni podatki obdelujejo za namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, se lahko v pravu Unije ali pravu države članice določijo odstopanja od pravic iz členov 15, 16, 18, 19, 20 in 21, za katere veljajo pogoji in zaščitni ukrepi iz odstavka 1 tega člena, če bi takšne pravice lahko onemogočile ali resno ovirale doseganje posebnih namenov in kolikor so takšna odstopanja nujna za uresničitev teh namenov.
3. Where personal data are processed for archiving purposes in the public interest, Union or Member State law may provide for derogations from the rights referred to in Articles 15, 16, 18, 19, 20 and 21 subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article in so far as such rights are likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the specific purposes, and such derogations are necessary for the fulfilment of those purposes.
4. Kadar vrsta obdelave iz odstavkov 2 in 3 hkrati izpolnjuje tudi drug namen, se dovoljena odstopanja uporabijo le za obdelavo v namene iz navedenih odstavkov.
4. Where processing referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 serves at the same time another purpose, the derogations shall apply only to processing for the purposes referred to in those paragraphs.
Splošna uredba o varstvu podatkov (SUVP, GDPR)
General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)
The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.
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(156) Pri obdelavi osebnih podatkov v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene bi bilo treba zagotoviti ustrezne zaščitne ukrepe za pravice in svoboščine posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, v skladu s to uredbo. S temi zaščitnimi ukrepi bi bilo treba zagotoviti, da se sprejmejo tehnični in organizacijski ukrepi, s katerimi se zagotovi zlasti spoštovanje načela najmanjšega obsega podatkov. Nadaljnja obdelava osebnih podatkov v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene se opravi, kadar je upravljavec ocenil izvedljivost uresničitve teh namenov z obdelavo osebnih podatkov, ki ne omogočajo ali ne omogočajo več identifikacije posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, pod pogojem, da obstajajo ustrezni zaščitni ukrepi (kot je, na primer, psevdonimizacija osebnih podatkov). Države članice bi morale zagotoviti ustrezne zaščitne ukrepe za obdelavo osebnih podatkov v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene. Državam članicam bi bilo treba dovoliti, da pri obdelavi osebnih podatkov v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene pod določenimi pogoji in ob zagotovitvi ustreznih zaščitnih ukrepov za posameznike, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, določijo natančnejšo ureditev in odstopanja v zvezi z zahtevami po informacijah ter pravice do popravka, do izbrisa, do pozabe, do omejitve obdelave, do prenosljivosti podatkov in do ugovora. Zadevni pogoji in zaščitni ukrepi lahko zahtevajo posebne postopke za uresničevanje navedenih pravic posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, če je to ustrezno glede na namene specifične obdelave, ter tehnične in organizacijske ukrepe, s katerimi bi čim bolj zmanjšali obdelavo osebnih podatkov zaradi spoštovanja načel sorazmernosti in potrebnosti. Pri obdelavi osebnih podatkov v znanstvene namene bi bilo treba upoštevati tudi drugo zadevno zakonodajo, denimo o kliničnem preskušanju.
(156) The processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes should be subject to appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject pursuant to this Regulation. Those safeguards should ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in order to ensure, in particular, the principle of data minimisation. The further processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes is to be carried out when the controller has assessed the feasibility to fulfil those purposes by processing data which do not permit or no longer permit the identification of data subjects, provided that appropriate safeguards exist (such as, for instance, pseudonymisation of the data). Member States should provide for appropriate safeguards for the processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes. Member States should be authorised to provide, under specific conditions and subject to appropriate safeguards for data subjects, specifications and derogations with regard to the information requirements and rights to rectification, to erasure, to be forgotten, to restriction of processing, to data portability, and to object when processing personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes. The conditions and safeguards in question may entail specific procedures for data subjects to exercise those rights if this is appropriate in the light of the purposes sought by the specific processing along with technical and organisational measures aimed at minimising the processing of personal data in pursuance of the proportionality and necessity principles. The processing of personal data for scientific purposes should also comply with other relevant legislation such as on clinical trials.
(157) S povezovanjem informacij iz registrov lahko raziskovalci pridobijo dragoceno novo znanje glede zelo razširjenih bolezni, kot so bolezni srca in ožilja, rak in depresija. Na podlagi registrov je mogoče pridobiti zanesljivejše rezultate raziskav, saj se z njimi zajame večje število ljudi. Na področju družboslovja lahko z raziskavami na podlagi registrov raziskovalci pridobijo bistveno znanje o dolgoročni medsebojni povezanosti različnih družbenih dejavnikov, kot sta brezposelnost in izobraženost, z drugimi življenjskimi dejavniki. Rezultati raziskav, pridobljeni prek registrov, zagotavljajo trdno, visokokakovostno znanje, ki je lahko podlaga za oblikovanje in izvajanje na znanju temelječe politike ter lahko izboljša kakovost življenja številnih ljudi in učinkovitost socialnih služb. Zaradi omogočanja znanstvenih raziskav se lahko osebni podatki obdelujejo v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene v skladu z ustreznimi pogoji in zaščitnimi ukrepi, določenimi v pravu Unije ali pravu držav članic.
(157) By coupling information from registries, researchers can obtain new knowledge of great value with regard to widespread medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and depression. On the basis of registries, research results can be enhanced, as they draw on a larger population. Within social science, research on the basis of registries enables researchers to obtain essential knowledge about the long-term correlation of a number of social conditions such as unemployment and education with other life conditions. Research results obtained through registries provide solid, high-quality knowledge which can provide the basis for the formulation and implementation of knowledge-based policy, improve the quality of life for a number of people and improve the efficiency of social services. In order to facilitate scientific research, personal data can be processed for scientific research purposes, subject to appropriate conditions and safeguards set out in Union or Member State law.
(158) Ta uredba bi se morala uporabljati tudi za obdelavo osebnih podatkov v namene arhiviranja, pri čemer bi bilo treba upoštevati, da se ta uredba ne bi smela uporabljati za umrle osebe. Javni organi oziroma javna ali zasebna telesa, ki vodijo evidence v javnem interesu, bi morali biti službe, ki imajo v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom držav članic pravno obveznost, da pridobijo, ohranijo, ocenijo, uredijo, opišejo, sporočajo, spodbujajo in razširjajo evidence, ki so trajnega pomena za splošen javni interes, ter zagotavljajo dostop do njih. Državam članicam bi bilo treba tudi dovoliti, da določijo, da se lahko osebni podatki nadalje obdelujejo v namene arhiviranja, da se na primer zagotovijo specifične informacije v zvezi s političnim obnašanjem v nekdanjih totalitarnih državnih režimih, genocidom, hudodelstvom zoper človečnost, zlasti holokavstom, ali vojnimi zločini.
(158) Where personal data are processed for archiving purposes, this Regulation should also apply to that processing, bearing in mind that this Regulation should not apply to deceased persons. Public authorities or public or private bodies that hold records of public interest should be services which, pursuant to Union or Member State law, have a legal obligation to acquire, preserve, appraise, arrange, describe, communicate, promote, disseminate and provide access to records of enduring value for general public interest. Member States should also be authorised to provide for the further processing of personal data for archiving purposes, for example with a view to providing specific information related to the political behaviour under former totalitarian state regimes, genocide, crimes against humanity, in particular the Holocaust, or war crimes.
(159) Ta uredba bi se morala uporabljati tudi za obdelavo osebnih podatkov v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene. Za namene te uredbe bi bilo treba obdelavo osebnih podatkov v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene razlagati široko, tako da vključuje tudi na primer tehnološki razvoj, predstavitvene dejavnosti, temeljne raziskave, uporabne raziskave in zasebno financirane raziskave. Poleg tega bi bilo treba upoštevati cilj Unije iz člena 179(1) PDEU glede oblikovanja evropskega raziskovalnega prostora. Znanstveno-raziskovalni nameni bi morali zajemati tudi študije, izvedene v javnem interesu na področju javnega zdravja. Da bi upoštevali posebnosti obdelave osebnih podatkov v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene, bi morali veljati posebni pogoji, zlasti v zvezi z objavo ali drugim razkritjem osebnih podatkov v okviru znanstveno-raziskovalnih namenov. Če so na podlagi rezultatov znanstvenih raziskav, zlasti na področju zdravja, potrebni nadaljnji ukrepi v interesu posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, bi se v zvezi s takšnimi ukrepi morala uporabljati splošna pravila iz te uredbe.
(159) Where personal data are processed for scientific research purposes, this Regulation should also apply to that processing. For the purposes of this Regulation, the processing of personal data for scientific research purposes should be interpreted in a broad manner including for example technological development and demonstration, fundamental research, applied research and privately funded research. In addition, it should take into account the Union's objective under Article 179(1) TFEU of achieving a European Research Area. Scientific research purposes should also include studies conducted in the public interest in the area of public health. To meet the specificities of processing personal data for scientific research purposes, specific conditions should apply in particular as regards the publication or otherwise disclosure of personal data in the context of scientific research purposes. If the result of scientific research in particular in the health context gives reason for further measures in the interest of the data subject, the general rules of this Regulation should apply in view of those measures.
(160) Ta uredba bi se morala uporabljati tudi za obdelavo osebnih podatkov v zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene. To bi moralo zajemati tudi zgodovinske raziskave in raziskave v genealoške namene, pri čemer bi bilo treba upoštevati, da se ta uredba ne bi smela uporabljati za umrle osebe.
(160) Where personal data are processed for historical research purposes, this Regulation should also apply to that processing. This should also include historical research and research for genealogical purposes, bearing in mind that this Regulation should not apply to deceased persons.
(161) Za namen privolitve v udeležbo pri znanstveno-raziskovalnih dejavnostih v okviru kliničnega preskušanja bi se morale uporabljati ustrezne določbe Uredbe (EU) št. 536/2014 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta (15).
(161) For the purpose of consenting to the participation in scientific research activities in clinical trials, the relevant provisions of Regulation (EU) No 536/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council [15] should apply.
(15) Uredba (EU) št. 536/2014 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 16. aprila 2014 o kliničnem preskušanju zdravil za uporabo v humani medicini in razveljavitvi Direktive 2001/20/ES (UL L 158, 27.5.2014, str. 1). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2014:158:TOC
[15] Regulation (EU) No 536/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on clinical trials on medicinal products for human use, and repealing Directive 2001/20/EC (OJ L 158, 27.5.2014, p. 1). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2014:158:TOC
(162) Če se osebni podatki obdelujejo v statistične namene, bi se morala za to obdelavo uporabljati ta uredba. S pravom Unije ali pravom držav članic bi bilo treba v mejah te uredbe določiti statistično vsebino, nadzor dostopa, natančnejšo ureditev obdelave osebnih podatkov v statistične namene ter ustrezne ukrepe za varstvo pravic in svoboščin posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, in zagotovitev statistične zaupnosti. „Statistični nameni“ pomeni vsako dejanje zbiranja in obdelave osebnih podatkov, potrebno za statistične raziskave ali pripravo statističnih rezultatov. Ti statistični rezultati se lahko nadalje uporabijo v različne namene, tudi v znanstveno-raziskovalne namene. „Statistični namen“ pomeni, da rezultati obdelave v statistične namene niso osebni podatki, temveč zbirni podatki, ter da se ti rezultati ali osebni podatki ne uporabijo v podporo ukrepov ali odločitev v zvezi z določenim posameznikom.
(162) Where personal data are processed for statistical purposes, this Regulation should apply to that processing. Union or Member State law should, within the limits of this Regulation, determine statistical content, control of access, specifications for the processing of personal data for statistical purposes and appropriate measures to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject and for ensuring statistical confidentiality. Statistical purposes mean any operation of collection and the processing of personal data necessary for statistical surveys or for the production of statistical results. Those statistical results may further be used for different purposes, including a scientific research purpose. The statistical purpose implies that the result of processing for statistical purposes is not personal data, but aggregate data, and that this result or the personal data are not used in support of measures or decisions regarding any particular natural person.
(163) Zaupne informacije, ki jih statistični organi Unije in nacionalni statistični organi zberejo zaradi priprave uradne evropske in nacionalne statistike, bi bilo treba zaščititi. Evropsko statistiko bi bilo treba razvijati, pripravljati in razširjati v skladu s statističnimi načeli iz člena 338(2) PDEU, nacionalna statistika pa bi morala biti skladna tudi s pravom države članice. V Uredbi (ES) št. 223/2009 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta (16) so določene nadaljnje natančnejše ureditve glede statistične zaupnosti evropske statistike.
(163) The confidential information which the Union and national statistical authorities collect for the production of official European and official national statistics should be protected. European statistics should be developed, produced and disseminated in accordance with the statistical principles as set out in Article 338(2) TFEU, while national statistics should also comply with Member State law. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council [16] provides further specifications on statistical confidentiality for European statistics.
(16) Uredba (ES) št. 223/2009 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 11. marca 2009 o evropski statistiki ter razveljavitvi Uredbe (ES, Euratom) št. 1101/2008 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta o prenosu zaupnih podatkov na Statistični urad Evropskih skupnosti, Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 322/97 o statističnih podatkih Skupnosti in Sklepa Sveta 89/382/EGS, Euratom, o ustanovitvi Odbora za statistične programe Evropskih skupnosti (UL L 87, 31.3.2009, str. 164). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2009:087:TOC
[16] Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on European statistics and repealing Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1101/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, Council Regulation (EC) No 322/97 on Community Statistics, and Council Decision 89/382/EEC, Euratom establishing a Committee on the Statistical Programmes of the European Communities (OJ L 87, 31.3.2009, p. 164). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2009:087:TOC
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(EN) Article 89 details the appropriate safeguards to process sensitive data for archiving, research, and statistics purposes under article 9 2) (j) and possible derogations to rights granted to individuals by the General Data Protection Regulation. There is indeed a legal exception allowing the processing of special categories of personal data. It must be provided for by a Union or Member State law and the law itself must meet certain conditions that I have already discussed in a previous commentary.
Appropriate safeguards under article 89 concern technical and organizational measures put in place by Member States and respecting the data minimization, proportionality, and necessity principles (recital 156). They may include the possibility of resorting to pseudonymization, where applicable, or further processing “which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects”. The measures involved must take into account the impact on individuals, like physical or psychological potential damages they might suffer.
Member States law may provide for derogations, in the case of scientific research, historical research or statistics, to the right of access (article 15), the right to rectification (article 16), the right to restriction of processing (article 18), and the right to object (article 21). It is possible to refuse to grant these rights to individuals only if respecting them would hinder or “seriously impair” the achievement of the desired goals, that is to say, conducting scientific or historical research or producing statistics.
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