Člen 17 📖 SUVP (GDPR). Pravica do izbrisa („pravica do pozabe“)

Člen 17 SUVP (GDPR). Pravica do izbrisa („pravica do pozabe“)

Article 17 GDPR. Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)

1. Posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, ima pravico doseči, da upravljavec brez nepotrebnega odlašanja izbriše osebne podatke v zvezi z njim, upravljavec pa ima obveznost osebne podatke brez nepotrebnega odlašanja izbrisati, kadar velja eden od naslednjih razlogov:

1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay and the controller shall have the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay where one of the following grounds applies:

Komentar

(EN) Author

(EN) Siarhei Varankevich CIPP/E, CIPM, CIPT, MBA, FIP

(EN) Co-Founder & CEO of Data Privacy Office LLC. Data Protection Trainer and Principal Consultant

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(a) osebni podatki niso več potrebni v namene, za katere so bili zbrani ali kako drugače obdelani;

(a) the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected or otherwise processed;

(b) posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, prekliče privolitev, na podlagi katere poteka obdelava v skladu s točko (a) člena 6(1) ali točko (a) člena 9(2), in kadar za obdelavo ne obstaja nobena druga pravna podlaga;

(b) the data subject withdraws consent on which the processing is based according to point (a) of Article 6(1), or point (a) of Article 9(2), and where there is no other legal ground for the processing;

Povezana besedila

Člen 6 SUVP (GDPR). Zakonitost obdelave

Article 6 GDPR. Lawfulness of processing

1. Obdelava je zakonita le in kolikor je izpolnjen vsaj eden od naslednjih pogojev:

1. Processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that at least one of the following applies:

(a) posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, je privolil v obdelavo njegovih osebnih podatkov v enega ali več določenih namenov;

(a) the data subject has given consent to the processing of his or her personal data for one or more specific purposes;

[…]

Člen 9 SUVP (GDPR). Obdelava posebnih vrst osebnih podatkov

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

1. Prepovedani sta obdelava osebnih podatkov, ki razkrivajo rasno ali etnično poreklo, politično mnenje, versko ali filozofsko prepričanje ali članstvo v sindikatu, in obdelava genetskih podatkov, biometričnih podatkov za namene edinstvene identifikacije posameznika, podatkov v zvezi z zdravjem ali podatkov v zvezi s posameznikovim spolnim življenjem ali spolno usmerjenostjo.

1. Processing of personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, or trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, data concerning health or data concerning a natural person’s sex life or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

2. Odstavek 1 se ne uporablja, če velja eno od naslednjega:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

(a) posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, je dal izrecno privolitev v obdelavo navedenih osebnih podatkov za enega ali več določenih namenov, razen kadar pravo Unije ali pravo države članice določa, da posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, ne sme odstopiti od prepovedi iz odstavka 1;

(a) the data subject has given explicit consent to the processing of those personal data for one or more specified purposes, except where Union or Member State law provide that the prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 may not be lifted by the data subject;

[…]

(c) posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, obdelavi ugovarja v skladu s členom 21(1), za njihovo obdelavo pa ne obstajajo nobeni prevladujoči zakoniti razlogi, ali pa posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, obdelavi ugovarja v skladu s členom 21(2);

(c) the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(1) and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for the processing, or the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(2);

Povezana besedila

Člen 21 SUVP (GDPR). Pravica do ugovora

Article 21 GDPR. Right to object

1. Posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, ima na podlagi razlogov, povezanih z njegovim posebnim položajem, pravico, da kadar koli ugovarja obdelavi osebnih podatkov v zvezi z njim, ki temelji na točki (e) ali (f) člena 6(1), vključno z oblikovanjem profilov na podlagi teh določb. Upravljavec preneha obdelovati osebne podatke, razen če dokaže nujne legitimne razloge za obdelavo, ki prevladajo nad interesi, pravicami in svoboščinami posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, ali za uveljavljanje, izvajanje ali obrambo pravnih zahtevkov.

1. The data subject shall have the right to object, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1), including profiling based on those provisions. The controller shall no longer process the personal data unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

2. Kadar se osebni podatki obdelujejo za namene neposrednega trženja, ima posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, pravico, da kadar koli ugovarja obdelavi osebnih podatkov v zvezi z njim za namene takega trženja, vključno z oblikovanjem profilov, kolikor je povezano s takim neposrednim trženjem.

2. Where personal data are processed for direct marketing purposes, the data subject shall have the right to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her for such marketing, which includes profiling to the extent that it is related to such direct marketing.

[…]

(d) osebni podatki so bili obdelani nezakonito;

(d) the personal data have been unlawfully processed;

(e) osebne podatke je treba izbrisati za izpolnitev pravne obveznosti v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice, ki velja za upravljavca;

(e) the personal data have to be erased for compliance with a legal obligation in Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject;

(f) osebni podatki so bili zbrani v zvezi s ponudbo storitev informacijske družbe iz člena 8(1).

(f) the personal data have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred to in Article 8(1).

Povezana besedila

1. Kadar se uporablja točka (a) člena 6(1), je v zvezi s storitvami informacijske družbe, ki se ponujajo neposredno otroku, obdelava osebnih podatkov otroka zakonita, kadar ima otrok vsaj 16 let. Kadar je otrok mlajši od 16 let, je takšna obdelava zakonita le, če in kolikor takšno privolitev da ali odobri nosilec starševske odgovornosti za otroka.

1. Where point (a) of Article 6(1) applies, in relation to the offer of information society services directly to a child, the processing of the personal data of a child shall be lawful where the child is at least 16 years old. Where the child is below the age of 16 years, such processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that consent is given or authorised by the holder of parental responsibility over the child.

Države članice lahko za te namene z zakonom določijo nižjo starost, če ta starost ni nižja od 13 let.

Member States may provide by law for a lower age for those purposes provided that such lower age is not below 13 years.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Information society service

129. While assessing the scope of this definition, the EDPB also refers to case law of the ECJ.[62] The ECJ held that information society services cover contracts and other services that are concluded or transmitted on-line. Where a service has two economically independent components, one being the online component, such as the offer and the acceptance of an offer in the context of the conclusion of a contract or the information relating to products or services, including marketing activities, this component is defined as an information society service, the other component being the physical delivery or distribution of goods is not covered by the notion of an information society service. The online delivery of a service would fall within the scope of the term information society service in Article 8 GDPR.

_{[62] See European Court of Justice, 2 December 2010 Case C-108/09, (Ker-Optika), paragraphs 22 and 28. In relation to ‘composite services’, the EDPB also refers to Case C-434/15 (Asociacion Profesional Elite Taxi v Uber Systems Spain SL), para 40, which states that an information society service forming an integral part of an overall service whose main component is not an information society service (in this case a transport service), must not be qualified as ‘an information society service’.}

Guidelines 3/2018 on the territorial scope of the GDPR (Article 3)

Offering of goods or services, irrespective of whether a payment of the data subject is required, to data subjects in the Union

The first activity triggering the application of Article 3(2) is the “offering of goods or services”, a concept which has been further addressed by EU law and case law, which should be taken into account when applying the targeting criterion. The offering of services also includes the offering of information society services, defined in point (b) of Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 [23] as “any Information Society service, that is to say, any service normally provided for remuneration, at a distance, by electronic means and at the individual request of a recipient of services”.

_{[23] Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services.}

2. Kadar upravljavec objavi osebne podatke in je v skladu z odstavkom 1 osebne podatke obvezan izbrisati, ob upoštevanju razpoložljive tehnologije in stroškov izvajanja sprejme razumne ukrepe, vključno s tehničnimi, da upravljavce, ki obdelujejo osebne podatke, obvesti, da posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, od njih zahteva, naj izbrišejo morebitne povezave do teh osebnih podatkov ali njihove kopije.

2. Where the controller has made the personal data public and is obliged pursuant to paragraph 1 to erase the personal data, the controller, taking account of available technology and the cost of implementation, shall take reasonable steps, including technical measures, to inform controllers which are processing the personal data that the data subject has requested the erasure by such controllers of any links to, or copy or replication of, those personal data.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(2) GDPR:

8.3.1 Obligations to PII principals

Control

The organization should provide the customer with the means to comply with its obligations related to PII principals.

Implementation guidance

A PII controller’s obligations can be defined by legislation, by regulation and/or by contract.

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3. Odstavka 1 in 2 se ne uporabljata, če je obdelava potrebna:

3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to the extent that processing is necessary:

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(3) GDPR:

7.2.2 Identify lawful basis

Control

The organization should determine, document and comply with the relevant lawful basis for the processing of PII for the identified purposes.

Implementation guidance

Some jurisdictions require the organization to be able to demonstrate that the lawfulness of processing was duly established before the processing.

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(a) za uresničevanje pravice do svobode izražanja in obveščanja;

(a) for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information;

(b) za izpolnjevanje pravne obveznosti obdelave na podlagi prava Unije ali prava države članice, ki velja za upravljavca, ali za izvajanje naloge v javnem interesu ali pri izvajanju javne oblasti, ki je bila dodeljena upravljavcu;

(b) for compliance with a legal obligation which requires processing by Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller;

(c) iz razlogov javnega interesa na področju javnega zdravja v skladu s točkama (h) in (i) člena 9(2) ter členom 9(3);

(c) for reasons of public interest in the area of public health in accordance with points (h) and (i) of Article 9(2) as well as Article 9(3);

Povezana besedila

Člen 9 SUVP (GDPR). Obdelava posebnih vrst osebnih podatkov

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

2. Odstavek 1 se ne uporablja, če velja eno od naslednjega:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

[…]

(h) obdelava je potrebna za namene preventivne medicine ali medicine dela, oceno delovne sposobnosti zaposlenega, zdravstveno diagnozo, zagotovitev zdravstvene ali socialne oskrbe ali zdravljenja ali upravljanje sistemov in storitev zdravstvenega ali socialnega varstva na podlagi prava Unije ali prava države članice ali v skladu s pogodbo z zdravstvenim delavcem ter zanjo veljajo pogoji in zaščitni ukrepi iz odstavka 3;

(h) processing is necessary for the purposes of preventive or occupational medicine, for the assessment of the working capacity of the employee, medical diagnosis, the provision of health or social care or treatment or the management of health or social care systems and services on the basis of Union or Member State law or pursuant to contract with a health professional and subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 3;

(i) obdelava je potrebna iz razlogov javnega interesa na področju javnega zdravja, kot je zaščita pred resnimi čezmejnimi tveganji za zdravje ali zagotovitev visokih standardov kakovosti in varnosti zdravstvenega varstva ter zdravil ali medicinskih pripomočkov, na podlagi prava Unije ali prava države članice, ki zagotavlja ustrezne in posebne ukrepe za zaščito pravic in svoboščin posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, zlasti varovanje poklicne skrivnosti;

(i) processing is necessary for reasons of public interest in the area of public health, such as protecting against serious cross-border threats to health or ensuring high standards of quality and safety of health care and of medicinal products or medical devices, on the basis of Union or Member State law which provides for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject, in particular professional secrecy;

[…]

3. Osebni podatki iz odstavka 1 se lahko obdelujejo v namene iz točke (h) odstavka 2, kadar jih obdeluje ali je za njihovo obdelavo odgovoren strokovnjak, za katerega velja obveznost varovanja poklicne skrivnosti v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice ali pravili, ki jih določijo pristojni nacionalni organi, ali druga oseba, za katero tudi velja obveznost varovanja skrivnosti v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice ali pravili, ki jih določijo pristojni nacionalni organi.

3. Personal data referred to in paragraph 1 may be processed for the purposes referred to in point (h) of paragraph 2 when those data are processed by or under the responsibility of a professional subject to the obligation of professional secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies or by another person also subject to an obligation of secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies.

(d) za namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, za znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene v skladu s členom 89(1), kolikor bi pravica iz odstavka 1 lahko onemogočila ali resno ovirala uresničevanje namenov te obdelave, ali

(d) for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Article 89(1) in so far as the right referred to in paragraph 1 is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing; or

Povezana besedila

Člen 89 SUVP (GDPR). Zaščitni ukrepi in odstopanja v zvezi z obdelavo v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene

Article 89 GDPR. Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes

1. Za obdelavo v namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, v znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene se v skladu s to uredbo uporabljajo ustrezni zaščitni ukrepi za pravice in svoboščine posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki. S temi zaščitnimi ukrepi se zagotovi, da se sprejmejo tehnični in organizacijski ukrepi, s katerimi se zagotovi zlasti spoštovanje načela najmanjšega obsega podatkov. Ti ukrepi lahko vključujejo psevdonimizacijo, kadar se ti nameni lahko uresničijo na ta način. Kadar se ti nameni lahko uresničijo z nadaljnjo obdelavo, ki ne omogoča ali več ne omogoča identifikacije posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo podatki, se ti nameni uresničijo na ta način.

1. Processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Those safeguards shall ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in particular in order to ensure respect for the principle of data minimisation. Those measures may include pseudonymisation provided that those purposes can be fulfilled in that manner. Where those purposes can be fulfilled by further processing which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects, those purposes shall be fulfilled in that manner.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Scientific research

153. Recital 33 seems to bring some flexibility to the degree of specification and granularity of consent in the context of scientific research. Recital 33 states: “It is often not possible to fully identify the purpose of personal data processing for scientific research purposes at the time of data collection. Therefore, data subjects should be allowed to give their consent to certain areas of scientific research when in keeping with recognised ethical standards for scientific research. Data subjects should have the opportunity to give their consent only to certain areas of research or parts of research projects to the extent allowed by the intended purpose.”

(e) za uveljavljanje, izvajanje ali obrambo pravnih zahtevkov.

(e) for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Splošna uredba o varstvu podatkov (SUVP, GDPR)

General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)

The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.

Komentar ISO 27701 Uvodne izjave Smernice in sodna praksa Pustite komentar

Komentar

(EN) The so-called “right to be forgotten” was hailed as a breakthrough with the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation, even though it existed in a limited form before. Article 17 provides for a broader “right to erasure”, to take into account the exact wording of the provision. European Union residents have a right to ask for the deletion of their personal data, and the organization that holds the data has a corresponding obligation to erase them “without undue delay” under a certain number of circumstances.

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(EN) Louis-Philippe Gratton PhD, LLM

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(EN)

Data Subject Request Letter Sample

Concern: Request to erase my personal data

Dear Madam, Dear Sir,

You have data concerning me that I am asking you to delete…

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ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17 GDPR:

7.3.6 Access, correction and/or erasure

Control

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms to meet their obligations to PII principals to access, correct and/or erase their PII.

Implementation guidance

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms for enabling PII principals to obtain access to, correct and erase of their PII, if requested and without undue delay.

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Uvodne izjave

(65) Posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, bi moral imeti pravico do popravka osebnih podatkov v zvezi z njim in „pravico do pozabe“, kadar hramba takih podatkov krši to uredbo ali pravo Unije ali pravo države članice, ki velja za upravljavca. Posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, bi moral imeti zlasti pravico do tega, da se njegovi osebni podatki izbrišejo in se ne obdelujejo več, kadar osebni podatki niso več potrebni za namene, za katere so bili zbrani ali kako drugače obdelani, kadar posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, prekliče svojo privolitev ali ugovarja obdelavi osebnih podatkov, ki se nanašajo nanj, ali kadar obdelava njegovih osebnih podatkov kako drugače ni v skladu s to uredbo. Ta pravica je zlasti pomembna, kadar je posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, dal svojo privolitev kot otrok in se ni v celoti zavedal tveganj, povezanih z obdelavo, ter želi pozneje take osebne podatke odstraniti, zlasti z interneta. Posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, bi moral imeti možnost, da to pravico uresničuje ne glede na dejstvo, da ni več otrok. Vendar bi morala biti nadaljnja hramba osebnih podatkov zakonita, če je to potrebno za uresničevanje pravice do svobode izražanja in obveščanja, izpolnjevanje pravnih obveznosti, izvajanje nalog v javnem interesu ali pri izvajanju javne oblasti, dodeljene upravljavcu, iz razlogov javnega interesa na področju javnega zdravja, za namene arhiviranja v javnem interesu, znanstveno- ali zgodovinskoraziskovalne namene ali statistične namene ali za uveljavljanje, izvajanje ali obrambo pravnih zahtevkov.

(65) A data subject should have the right to have personal data concerning him or her rectified and a ‘right to be forgotten’ where the retention of such data infringes this Regulation or Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject. In particular, a data subject should have the right to have his or her personal data erased and no longer processed where the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are collected or otherwise processed, where a data subject has withdrawn his or her consent or objects to the processing of personal data concerning him or her, or where the processing of his or her personal data does not otherwise comply with this Regulation. That right is relevant in particular where the data subject has given his or her consent as a child and is not fully aware of the risks involved by the processing, and later wants to remove such personal data, especially on the internet. The data subject should be able to exercise that right notwithstanding the fact that he or she is no longer a child. However, the further retention of the personal data should be lawful where it is necessary, for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information, for compliance with a legal obligation, for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, on the grounds of public interest in the area of public health, for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

(66) Za učinkovitejše uresničevanje pravice do pozabe v spletnem okolju bi bilo treba pravico do izbrisa razširiti tako, da bi zahtevali, da upravljavec, ki je osebne podatke objavil, sprejme razumne, tudi tehnične, ukrepe, da obvesti upravljavce, ki take osebne podatke obdelujejo, da je posameznik, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, zahteval izbris vseh povezav do teh osebnih podatkov ali kopij teh osebnih podatkov. Pri tem bi moral upravljavec ob upoštevanju razpoložljive tehnologije in sredstev, ki jih ima na voljo, vključno s tehničnimi ukrepi, sprejeti razumne ukrepe, da bi upravljavce, ki obdelujejo osebne podatke, obvestil o zahtevi posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki.

(66) To strengthen the right to be forgotten in the online environment, the right to erasure should also be extended in such a way that a controller who has made the personal data public should be obliged to inform the controllers which are processing such personal data to erase any links to, or copies or replications of those personal data. In doing so, that controller should take reasonable steps, taking into account available technology and the means available to the controller, including technical measures, to inform the controllers which are processing the personal data of the data subject's request.

Smernice in sodna praksa

(EN)