Člen 28 📖 SUVP (GDPR). Obdelovalec

Člen 28 SUVP (GDPR). Obdelovalec

Article 28 GDPR. Processor

1. Kadar se obdelava izvaja v imenu upravljavca, ta sodeluje zgolj z obdelovalci, ki zagotovijo zadostna jamstva za izvedbo ustreznih tehničnih in organizacijskih ukrepov na tak način, da obdelava izpolnjuje zahteve iz te uredbe in zagotavlja varstvo pravic posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki.

1. Where processing is to be carried out on behalf of a controller, the controller shall use only processors providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures in such a manner that processing will meet the requirements of this Regulation and ensure the protection of the rights of the data subject.

2. Obdelovalec ne zaposli drugega obdelovalca brez predhodnega posebnega ali splošnega pisnega dovoljenja upravljavca. V primeru splošnega pisnega dovoljenja obdelovalec upravljavca obvesti o vseh nameravanih spremembah glede zaposlitve dodatnih obdelovalcev ali njihove zamenjave, s čimer se upravljavcu omogoči, da nasprotuje tem spremembam.

2. The processor shall not engage another processor without prior specific or general written authorisation of the controller. In the case of general written authorisation, the processor shall inform the controller of any intended changes concerning the addition or replacement of other processors, thereby giving the controller the opportunity to object to such changes.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 28(2) GDPR:

8.5.6 Disclosure of subcontractors used to process PII

Control

The organization should disclose any use of subcontractors to process PII to the customer before use.

Implementation guidance

Provisions for the use of subcontractors to process PII should be included in the customer contract.

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3. Obdelavo s strani obdelovalca ureja pogodba ali drug pravni akt v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice, ki določa obveznosti obdelovalca do upravljavca, v katerem so določeni vsebina in trajanje obdelave, narava in namen obdelave, vrsta osebnih podatkov, kategorije posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, ter obveznosti in pravice upravljavca. Ta pogodba ali drug pravni akt zlasti določa, da obdelovalec:

3. Processing by a processor shall be governed by a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, that is binding on the processor with regard to the controller and that sets out the subject-matter and duration of the processing, the nature and purpose of the processing, the type of personal data and categories of data subjects and the obligations and rights of the controller. That contract or other legal act shall stipulate, in particular, that the processor:

(a) osebne podatke obdeluje samo po dokumentiranih navodilih upravljavca, vključno glede prenosov osebnih podatkov v tretjo državo ali mednarodno organizacijo, razen če to od njega zahteva pravo Unije ali pravo države članice, ki velja za obdelovalca; v slednjem primeru obdelovalec o tej pravni zahtevi pred obdelavo podatkov obvesti upravljavca, razen če zadevno pravo prepoveduje takšno obvestilo na podlagi pomembnih razlogov v javnem interesu;

(a) processes the personal data only on documented instructions from the controller, including with regard to transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation, unless required to do so by Union or Member State law to which the processor is subject; in such a case, the processor shall inform the controller of that legal requirement before processing, unless that law prohibits such information on important grounds of public interest;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(3)(a) GDPR:

8.2.2 Organization’s purposes

Control

The organization should ensure that PII processed on behalf of a customer are only processed for the purposes expressed in the documented instructions of the customer.

Implementation guidance

The contract between the organization and the customer should include, but not be limited to, the objective and time frame to be achieved by the service.

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(b) zagotovi, da so osebe, ki so pooblaščene za obdelavo osebnih podatkov, zavezane k zaupnosti ali jih k zaupnosti zavezuje ustrezen zakon;

(b) ensures that persons authorised to process the personal data have committed themselves to confidentiality or are under an appropriate statutory obligation of confidentiality;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27002, section 13.2.4.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(3)(b) GDPR:

6.10.2.4 Confidentiality or non-disclosure agreements

Implementation guidance

The organization should ensure that individuals operating under its control with access to PII are subject to a confidentiality obligation. The confidentiality agreement, whether part of a contract or separate, should specify the length of time the obligations should be adhered to.

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(c) sprejme vse ukrepe, potrebne v skladu s členom 32;

(c) takes all measures required pursuant to Article 32;

Povezana besedila

Člen 32 SUVP (GDPR). Varnost obdelave

Article 32 GDPR. Security of processing

1. Ob upoštevanju najnovejšega tehnološkega razvoja in stroškov izvajanja ter narave, obsega, okoliščin in namenov obdelave, pa tudi tveganj za pravice in svoboščine posameznikov, ki se razlikujejo po verjetnosti in resnosti, upravljavec in obdelovalec z izvajanjem ustreznih tehničnih in organizacijskimi ukrepov zagotovita ustrezno raven varnosti glede na tveganje, vključno med drugim z naslednjimi ukrepi, kot je ustrezno:

1. Taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risk of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller and the processor shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk, including inter alia as appropriate:

(a) psevdonimizacijo in šifriranjem osebnih podatkov;

(a) the pseudonymisation and encryption of personal data;

(b) zmožnostjo zagotoviti stalno zaupnost, celovitost, dostopnost in odpornost sistemov in storitev za obdelavo;

(b) the ability to ensure the ongoing confidentiality, integrity, availability and resilience of processing systems and services;

(c) zmožnostjo pravočasno povrniti razpoložljivost in dostop do osebnih podatkov v primeru fizičnega ali tehničnega incidenta;

(c) the ability to restore the availability and access to personal data in a timely manner in the event of a physical or technical incident;

(d) postopkom rednega testiranja, ocenjevanja in vrednotenja učinkovitosti tehničnih in organizacijskih ukrepov za zagotavljanje varnostni obdelave.

(d) a process for regularly testing, assessing and evaluating the effectiveness of technical and organisational measures for ensuring the security of the processing.

2. Pri določanju ustrezne ravni varnosti se upoštevajo zlasti tveganja, ki jih pomeni obdelava, zlasti zaradi nenamernega ali nezakonitega uničenja, izgube, spremembe, nepooblaščenega razkritja ali dostopa do osebnih podatkov, ki so poslani, shranjeni ali kako drugače obdelani.

2. In assessing the appropriate level of security account shall be taken in particular of the risks that are presented by processing, in particular from accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed.

3. Zavezanost k odobrenemu kodeksu ravnanja iz člena 40 ali izvajanje odobrenega mehanizma potrjevanja iz člena 42 se lahko uporabi za dokazovanje izpolnjevanja zahtev iz odstavka 1 tega člena.

3. Adherence to an approved code of conduct as referred to in Article 40 or an approved certification mechanism as referred to in Article 42 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in paragraph 1 of this Article.

4. Upravljavec in obdelovalec zagotovita, da katera koli fizična oseba, ki ukrepa pod vodstvom upravljavca ali obdelovalca, ki ima dostop do osebnih podatkov, slednjih ne sme obdelati brez navodil upravljavca, razen če to od nje zahteva pravo Unije ali pravo države članice.

4. The controller and processor shall take steps to ensure that any natural person acting under the authority of the controller or the processor who has access to personal data does not process them except on instructions from the controller, unless he or she is required to do so by Union or Member State law.

(d) spoštuje pogoje iz odstavkov 2 in 4 za zaposlitev drugega obdelovalca;

(d) respects the conditions referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 for engaging another processor;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(3)(d) GDPR:

8.5.7 Engagement of a subcontractor to process PII

Control

The organization should only engage a subcontractor to process PII according to the customer contract.

Implementation guidance

Where the organization subcontracts some or all of the processing of that PII to another organization, a written authorization from the customer is required prior to the PII processed by the subcontractor. This can be in the form of appropriate clauses in the customer contract, or can be a specific “one-off” agreement.

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(e) ob upoštevanju narave obdelave pomaga upravljavcu z ustreznimi tehničnimi in organizacijskimi ukrepi, kolikor je to mogoče, pri izpolnjevanju njegovih obveznosti, da odgovori na zahteve za uresničevanje pravic posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, iz poglavja III;

(e) taking into account the nature of the processing, assists the controller by appropriate technical and organisational measures, insofar as this is possible, for the fulfilment of the controller’s obligation to respond to requests for exercising the data subject’s rights laid down in Chapter III;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(3)(e) GDPR:

8.3.1 Obligations to PII principals

Control

The organization should provide the customer with the means to comply with its obligations related to PII principals.

Implementation guidance

A PII controller’s obligations can be defined by legislation, by regulation and/or by contract. These obligations can include matters where the customer uses the services of the organization for implementation of these obligations.

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(f) upravljavcu pomaga pri izpolnjevanju obveznosti iz členov 32 do 36 ob upoštevanju narave obdelave in informacij, ki so dostopne obdelovalcu;

(f) assists the controller in ensuring compliance with the obligations pursuant to Articles 32 to 36 taking into account the nature of processing and the information available to the processor;

Povezana besedila

Člen 32 SUVP (GDPR). Varnost obdelave

Article 32 GDPR. Security of processing

Člen 33 SUVP (GDPR). Uradno obvestilo nadzornemu organu o kršitvi varstva osebnih podatkov

Article 33 GDPR. Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority

Člen 34 SUVP (GDPR). Sporočilo posamezniku, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki, o kršitvi varstva osebnih podatkov

Article 34 GDPR. Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject

Člen 35 SUVP (GDPR). Ocena učinka v zvezi z varstvom podatkov

Article 35 GDPR. Data protection impact assessment

Člen 36 SUVP (GDPR). Predhodno posvetovanje

Article 36 GDPR. Prior consultation

(g) v skladu z odločitvijo upravljavca izbriše ali vrne vse osebne podatke upravljavcu po zaključku storitev v zvezi z obdelavo ter uniči obstoječe kopije, razen če pravo Unije ali pravo države članice predpisuje shranjevanje osebnih podatkov;

(g) at the choice of the controller, deletes or returns all the personal data to the controller after the end of the provision of services relating to processing, and deletes existing copies unless Union or Member State law requires storage of the personal data;

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(3)(g) GDPR:

8.4.2 Return, transfer or disposal of PII

Control

The organization should provide the ability to return, transfer and/or disposal of PII in a secure manner. It should also make its policy available to the customer.

Implementation guidance

At some point in time, PII can need to be disposed of in some manner. This can involve returning the PII to the customer, transferring it to another organization or to a PII controller (e.g. as a result of a merger), deleting or otherwise destroying it, de-identifying it or archiving it.

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(h) da upravljavcu na voljo vse informacije, potrebne za dokazovanje izpolnjevanja obveznosti iz tega člena, ter upravljavcu ali drugemu revizorju, ki ga pooblasti upravljavec, omogoči izvajanje revizij, tudi pregledov, in pri njih sodeluje.

(h) makes available to the controller all information necessary to demonstrate compliance with the obligations laid down in this Article and allow for and contribute to audits, including inspections, conducted by the controller or another auditor mandated by the controller.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraphs to article 28(3)(h) GDPR:

8.2.4 Infringing instruction

Control

The organization should inform the customer if, in its opinion, a processing instruction infringes applicable legislation and/or regulation.

Implementation guidance

The organization’s ability to verify if the instruction infringes legislation and/or regulation can depend on the technological context, on the instruction itself, and on the contract between the organization and the customer.

8.2.5 Customer obligations

Control

The organization should provide the customer with the appropriate information such that the customer can demonstrate compliance with their obligations.

Implementation guidance

The information needed by the customer can include whether the organization allows for and contributes to audits conducted by the customer or another auditor mandated or otherwise agreed by the customer.

V zvezi s točko (h) prvega pododstavka obdelovalec nemudoma obvesti upravljavca, če po njegovem mnenju navodilo krši to uredbo ali druge določbe Unije ali predpisov držav članic o varstvu podatkov.

With regard to point (h) of the first subparagraph, the processor shall immediately inform the controller if, in its opinion, an instruction infringes this Regulation or other Union or Member State data protection provisions.

4. Kadar obdelovalec zadolži drugega obdelovalca za izvajanje specifičnih dejavnosti obdelave v imenu upravljavca, za tega drugega obdelovalca na podlagi pogodbe ali drugega pravnega akta v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice veljajo enake obveznosti varstva podatkov, kot so določene v pogodbi ali drugem pravnem aktu med upravljavcem in obdelovalcem iz odstavka 3, zlasti za zagotovitev zadostnih jamstev za izvajanje ustreznih tehničnih in organizacijskih ukrepov na tak način, da bo obdelava izpolnjevala zahteve iz te uredbe. Kadar ta drugi obdelovalec ne izpolni obveznosti varstva podatkov, prvi obdelovalec še naprej v celoti odgovarja upravljavcu za izpolnjevanje obveznosti drugega obdelovalca.

4. Where a processor engages another processor for carrying out specific processing activities on behalf of the controller, the same data protection obligations as set out in the contract or other legal act between the controller and the processor as referred to in paragraph 3 shall be imposed on that other processor by way of a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, in particular providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures in such a manner that the processing will meet the requirements of this Regulation. Where that other processor fails to fulfil its data protection obligations, the initial processor shall remain fully liable to the controller for the performance of that other processor’s obligations.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 28(4) GDPR:

8.5.6 Disclosure of subcontractors used to process PII

Control

The organization should disclose any use of subcontractors to process PII to the customer before use.

Implementation guidance

Provisions for the use of subcontractors to process PII should be included in the customer contract.

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5. Zavezanost k odobrenemu kodeksu ravnanja iz člena 40 ali izvajanje odobrenega mehanizma potrjevanja iz člena 42 s strani obdelovalca se lahko uporabi za dokazovanje zagotavljanja zadostnih jamstev iz odstavkov 1 in 4 tega člena.

5. Adherence of a processor to an approved code of conduct as referred to in Article 40 or an approved certification mechanism as referred to in Article 42 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate sufficient guarantees as referred to in paragraphs 1 and 4 of this Article.

Povezana besedila

Člen 40 SUVP (GDPR). Kodeksi ravnanja

Article 40 GDPR. Codes of conduct

Člen 42 SUVP (GDPR). Potrjevanje

Article 42 GDPR. Certification

6. Brez poseganja v individualno pogodbo med upravljavcem in obdelovalcem lahko pogodba ali drug pravni akt iz odstavkov 3 in 4 tega člena v celoti ali delno temelji na standardnih pogodbenih določilih iz odstavkov 7 in 8 tega člena, tudi ko so del potrdila, izdanega upravljavcu ali obdelovalcu v skladu s členoma 42 in 43.

6. Without prejudice to an individual contract between the controller and the processor, the contract or the other legal act referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article may be based, in whole or in part, on standard contractual clauses referred to in paragraphs 7 and 8 of this Article, including when they are part of a certification granted to the controller or processor pursuant to Articles 42 and 43.

Povezana besedila

Člen 42 SUVP (GDPR). Potrjevanje

Article 42 GDPR. Certification

Člen 43 SUVP (GDPR). Organi za potrjevanje

Article 43 GDPR. Certification bodies

7. Komisija lahko določi standardna pogodbena določila za zadeve iz odstavkov 3 in 4 tega člena ter v skladu s postopkom pregleda iz člena 93(2).

7. The Commission may lay down standard contractual clauses for the matters referred to in paragraph 3 and 4 of this Article and in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 93(2).

Povezana besedila

Člen 93 SUVP (GDPR). Postopek v odboru

Article 93 GDPR. Committee procedure

[…]

2. Pri sklicevanju na ta odstavek se uporablja člen 5 Uredbe (EU) št. 182/2011.

2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.

[…]

8. Nadzorni organ lahko sprejme standardna pogodbena določila za zadeve iz odstavkov 3 in 4 tega člena ter v skladu z mehanizmom za skladnost iz člena 63.

8. A supervisory authority may adopt standard contractual clauses for the matters referred to in paragraph 3 and 4 of this Article and in accordance with the consistency mechanism referred to in Article 63.

Povezana besedila

Člen 63 SUVP (GDPR). Mehanizem za skladnost

Article 63 GDPR. Consistency mechanism

Da bi prispevali k dosledni uporabi te uredbe v vsej Uniji, nadzorni organi sodelujejo med seboj in po potrebi s Komisijo, in sicer prek mehanizma za skladnost, kakor je določen v tem oddelku.

In order to contribute to the consistent application of this Regulation throughout the Union, the supervisory authorities shall cooperate with each other and, where relevant, with the Commission, through the consistency mechanism as set out in this Section.

9. Pogodba ali drug pravni akt iz odstavkov 3 in 4 je v pisni obliki, vključno z elektronsko obliko.

9. The contract or the other legal act referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4 shall be in writing, including in electronic form.

10. Brez poseganja v člene 82, 83 in 84, če obdelovalec krši to uredbo s tem, ko določi namene in sredstva obdelave, se obdelovalec šteje za upravljavca v zvezi s to obdelavo.

10. Without prejudice to Articles 82, 83 and 84, if a processor infringes this Regulation by determining the purposes and means of processing, the processor shall be considered to be a controller in respect of that processing.

Povezana besedila

Člen 82 SUVP (GDPR). Pravica do odškodnine in odgovornost

Article 82 GDPR. Right to compensation and liability

Člen 83 SUVP (GDPR). Splošni pogoji za naložitev upravnih glob

Article 83 GDPR. General conditions for imposing administrative fines

Člen 84 SUVP (GDPR). Kazni

Article 84 GDPR. Penalties

Splošna uredba o varstvu podatkov (SUVP, GDPR)

General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)

The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.

Komentar ISO 27701 Uvodne izjave Smernice in sodna praksa Pustite komentar

Komentar

(EN) A processor is a person or an organization that processes personal data on behalf and under the authority of a controller [Articles 4(8) and 28(1)]. The term used in the English text of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) remains difficult to apprehend by a non-legal audience, so it is useful to turn to other linguistic versions for a better understanding.

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(EN) Author

(EN) Louis-Philippe Gratton PhD, LLM

(EN) Privacy Expert

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ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added a requirement additional to ISO/IEC 27001, section 4.1.

Here is the relevant paragraph to articles 28(5), 28(6), and 28(10) GDPR:

5.2.1 Understanding the organization and its context

The organization shall include among its interested parties (see ISO/IEC 27001:2013, 4.2), those parties having interests or responsibilities associated with the processing of PII, including the PII principals.

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Uvodne izjave

(81) Za zagotovitev skladnosti z zahtevami iz te uredbe v zvezi z obdelavo, ki jo opravi obdelovalec v imenu upravljavca, bi moral upravljavec dejavnosti obdelave zaupati samo tistim obdelovalcem, ki zagotavljajo zadostna jamstva, zlasti v smislu strokovnega znanja, zanesljivosti in virov za izvajanje tehničnih in organizacijskih ukrepov, ki bodo izpolnili zahteve iz te uredbe, vključno za varnost obdelave. Zavezanost obdelovalca k odobrenemu kodeksu ravnanja ali odobrenemu mehanizmu potrjevanja se lahko uporabi kot dokaz za izpolnjevanje obveznosti upravljavca. Obdelavo s strani obdelovalca bi morala urejati pogodba ali drug pravni akt v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice, ki bi določal obveznosti obdelovalca do upravljavca ter določal vsebino in trajanje obdelave, naravo in namene obdelave, vrsto osebnih podatkov in kategorije posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, ob upoštevanju posebnih nalog in odgovornosti obdelovalca v okviru obdelave, ki jo izvaja, in tveganje za pravice in svoboščine posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki. Upravljavec in obdelovalec se lahko odločita za uporabo individualne pogodbe ali standardnih pogodbenih določil, ki jih sprejme bodisi neposredno Komisija bodisi nadzorni organ v skladu z mehanizmom za skladnost, nato pa jih sprejme Komisija. Po zaključku obdelave v imenu upravljavca bi moral obdelovalec v skladu z odločitvijo upravljavca vrniti ali izbrisati osebne podatke, razen v primeru zahteve za shranitev osebnih podatkov v skladu s pravom Unije ali pravom države članice, ki velja za obdelovalca.

(81) To ensure compliance with the requirements of this Regulation in respect of the processing to be carried out by the processor on behalf of the controller, when entrusting a processor with processing activities, the controller should use only processors providing sufficient guarantees, in particular in terms of expert knowledge, reliability and resources, to implement technical and organisational measures which will meet the requirements of this Regulation, including for the security of processing. The adherence of the processor to an approved code of conduct or an approved certification mechanism may be used as an element to demonstrate compliance with the obligations of the controller. The carrying-out of processing by a processor should be governed by a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, binding the processor to the controller, setting out the subject-matter and duration of the processing, the nature and purposes of the processing, the type of personal data and categories of data subjects, taking into account the specific tasks and responsibilities of the processor in the context of the processing to be carried out and the risk to the rights and freedoms of the data subject. The controller and processor may choose to use an individual contract or standard contractual clauses which are adopted either directly by the Commission or by a supervisory authority in accordance with the consistency mechanism and then adopted by the Commission. After the completion of the processing on behalf of the controller, the processor should, at the choice of the controller, return or delete the personal data, unless there is a requirement to store the personal data under Union or Member State law to which the processor is subject.

Smernice in sodna praksa

(EN)

Case Law

CJEU, Tietosuojavaltuutettu/Jehovan todistajat – uskonnollinen yhdyskunta (Jehovah’s Witnesses case), Opinion of Advocate General, C‑25/17 (2018).

CJEU, Tietosuojavaltuutettu/Jehovan todistajat – uskonnollinen yhdyskunta (Jehovah’s Witnesses case), C‑25/17 (2018).

Documents

Article 29 Working Party, Opinion 1/2010 on the concepts of “controller” and “processor” (2010).

EDPB, Guidelines on the Concepts of Controller, Processor and Joint Controllership Under Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 (2019).

EDPB, Opinion 14/2019 on the draft Standard Contractual Clauses submitted by the DK SA (Article 28(8) GDPR) (2019).

EDPB, Guidelines 7/2020 on the Concepts of Controller and Processor in the GDPR (2021).

CNIL, Guide for processors (2017) – Guidelines from the French Supervisory Authority that includes the template of Data Processing Agreement between controllers and processors.

Denmark Supervisory Authority, DK SA Standard Contractual Clauses for the purposes of compliance with art. 28 GDPR (2020).

DPC (Ireland), Guidance for Individuals who Accidentally Receive Personal data (2020).

ICO, Right of Access (2020).

ICO, Data sharing: a code of practice (2020).

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