ISO 27701
Fortalepunkter
(108) Če sklep o ustreznosti ni sprejet, bi moral upravljavec ali obdelovalec sprejeti ukrepe, na podlagi katerih pomanjkanje varstva podatkov v tretji državi nadomestijo z ustreznimi zaščitnimi ukrepi za posameznika, na katerega se nanašajo osebni podatki. Taki ustrezni zaščitni ukrepi so lahko sestavljeni iz uporabe zavezujočih poslovnih pravil, standardnih določil Komisije o varstvu podatkov, standardnih določil nadzornega organa o varstvu podatkov ali pogodbenih določil, ki jih je odobril nadzorni organ. S temi zaščitnimi ukrepi bi bilo treba zagotoviti skladnost z zahtevami glede varstva podatkov in pravicami posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, ki ustrezajo obdelavi znotraj Unije, vključno z razpoložljivostjo izvršljivih pravic posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki, in učinkovitih pravnih sredstev, tudi pravico do učinkovitega upravnega ali sodnega varstva ali odškodnine, v Uniji ali tretji državi. Nanašati bi se morali zlasti na skladnost s splošnimi načeli v zvezi z obdelavo osebnih podatkov ter načeli vgrajenega in prevzetega varstva podatkov. Prenose z javnimi organi ali telesi v tretjih državah oziroma z mednarodnimi organizacijami z ustreznimi nalogami ali funkcijami lahko opravijo tudi javni organi ali telesa, tudi na podlagi določb, ki se vključijo v upravne dogovore, kot je memorandum o soglasju, s katerimi se zagotavljajo izvršljive in učinkovite pravice posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki. Kadar so zaščitni ukrepi določeni v upravnih dogovorih, ki niso pravno zavezujoči, bi bilo treba pridobiti dovoljenje pristojnega nadzornega organa.
(108) In the absence of an adequacy decision, the controller or processor should take measures to compensate for the lack of data protection in a third country by way of appropriate safeguards for the data subject. Such appropriate safeguards may consist of making use of binding corporate rules, standard data protection clauses adopted by the Commission, standard data protection clauses adopted by a supervisory authority or contractual clauses authorised by a supervisory authority. Those safeguards should ensure compliance with data protection requirements and the rights of the data subjects appropriate to processing within the Union, including the availability of enforceable data subject rights and of effective legal remedies, including to obtain effective administrative or judicial redress and to claim compensation, in the Union or in a third country. They should relate in particular to compliance with the general principles relating to personal data processing, the principles of data protection by design and by default. Transfers may also be carried out by public authorities or bodies with public authorities or bodies in third countries or with international organisations with corresponding duties or functions, including on the basis of provisions to be inserted into administrative arrangements, such as a memorandum of understanding, providing for enforceable and effective rights for data subjects. Authorisation by the competent supervisory authority should be obtained when the safeguards are provided for in administrative arrangements that are not legally binding.
(109) Možnost, ki jo ima upravljavec ali obdelovalec glede uporabe standardnih določil Komisije ali nadzornega organa o varstvu podatkov, upravljavcem ali obdelovalcem ne bi smela preprečiti niti, da standardna določila o varstvu podatkov vključijo v obsežnejšo pogodbo, kot je pogodba med obdelovalcem in drugim obdelovalcem, niti da dodajo druga določila ali dodatne zaščitne ukrepe, če ti neposredno ali posredno ne nasprotujejo standardnim pogodbenim določilom Komisije ali nadzornega organa ali posegajo v temeljne pravice ali svoboščine posameznikov, na katere se nanašajo osebni podatki. Upravljavce in obdelovalce bi bilo treba spodbujati, da vzpostavijo dodatne zaščitne ukrepe s pomočjo pogodbenih obveznosti, ki bi dopolnjevale standardna zaščitna določila.
(109) The possibility for the controller or processor to use standard data-protection clauses adopted by the Commission or by a supervisory authority should prevent controllers or processors neither from including the standard data-protection clauses in a wider contract, such as a contract between the processor and another processor, nor from adding other clauses or additional safeguards provided that they do not contradict, directly or indirectly, the standard contractual clauses adopted by the Commission or by a supervisory authority or prejudice the fundamental rights or freedoms of the data subjects. Controllers and processors should be encouraged to provide additional safeguards via contractual commitments that supplement standard protection clauses.
Retningslinjer og rettspraksis
(EN)
Documents
EDPB, Guidelines 2/2020 on Articles 46(2)(a) and 46(3)(b) of Regulation 2016/679 for Transfers of Personal Data Between EEA and Non-EEA Public Authorities and Bodies (2020).
EDPB, Guidelines 3/2020 on the Processing of Data Concerning Health for the Purpose of Scientific Research in the Context of the Covid-19 Outbreak (2020).
EDPS, Strategy for Union institutions, offices, bodies and agencies to comply with the ‘Schrems II’ Ruling (2020).
EDPB, Guidelines 2/2020 on articles 46 (2) (a) and 46 (3) (b) of Regulation 2016/679 for transfers of personal data between EEA and non-EEA public authorities and bodies (2020).
This document seeks to provide guidance as to the application of Articles 46 (2) (a) and 46 (3) (b) of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on transfers of personal data from EEA public authorities or bodies to public bodies in third countries or to international organisations, to the extent that these are not covered by an adequacy finding adopted by the European Commission.
EDPB, Recommendations 01/2020 on measures that supplement transfer tools to ensure compliance with the EU level of protection of personal data (2021).
EDPB, Guidelines 2/2020 on articles 46 (2) (a) and 46 (3) (b) of Regulation 2016/679 for transfers of personal data between EEA and non-EEA public authorities and bodies (2020).
EDPB, Guidelines 05/2021 on the Interplay between the application of Article 3 and the provisions on international transfers as per Chapter V of the GDPR (2021).
EDPB, Government access to data in third countries (2022).
Case law
CJEU, Data Protection Commissioner/Facebook Ireland Ltd and Schrems, C-311/18 (2020).
(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.
Here is the relevant paragraph to article 46 GDPR:
7.5.1 Identify basis for PII transfer between jurisdictions
Control
The organization should identify and document the relevant basis for transfers of PII between jurisdictions.
Implementation guidance
PII transfer can be subject to legislation and/or regulation depending on the jurisdiction or international organization to which data is to be transferred (and from where it originates).
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