17 pants 📖 VDAR. Tiesības uz dzēšanu (tiesības “tikt aizmirstam”)

17 pants VDAR. Tiesības uz dzēšanu (tiesības “tikt aizmirstam”)

Article 17 GDPR. Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)

1. Datu subjektam ir tiesības panākt, lai pārzinis bez nepamatotas kavēšanās dzēstu datu subjekta personas datus, un pārziņa pienākums ir bez nepamatotas kavēšanās dzēst personas datus, ja pastāv viens no šādiem nosacījumiem:

1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay and the controller shall have the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay where one of the following grounds applies:

Ekspertu komentāri

(EN) Author

(EN) Siarhei Varankevich CIPP/E, CIPM, CIPT, MBA, FIP

(EN) Co-Founder & CEO of Data Privacy Office LLC. Data Protection Trainer and Principal Consultant

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a) personas dati vairs nav nepieciešami saistībā ar nolūkiem, kādos tie tika vākti vai citādi apstrādāti;

(a) the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected or otherwise processed;

b) datu subjekts atsauc savu piekrišanu, uz kuras pamata veikta apstrāde saskaņā ar 6. panta 1. punkta a) apakšpunktu vai 9. panta 2. punkta a) apakšpunktu, un ja nav cita likumīga pamata apstrādei;

(b) the data subject withdraws consent on which the processing is based according to point (a) of Article 6(1), or point (a) of Article 9(2), and where there is no other legal ground for the processing;

Savienojumi

6 pants VDAR. Apstrādes likumīgums

Article 6 GDPR. Lawfulness of processing

1. Apstrāde ir likumīga tikai tādā apmērā un tikai tad, ja ir piemērojams vismaz viens no turpmāk minētajiem pamatojumiem:

1. Processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that at least one of the following applies:

a) datu subjekts ir devis piekrišanu savu personas datu apstrādei vienam vai vairākiem konkrētiem nolūkiem;

(a) the data subject has given consent to the processing of his or her personal data for one or more specific purposes;

[…]

9 pants VDAR. Īpašu kategoriju personas datu apstrāde

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

1. Ir aizliegta tādu personas datu apstrāde, kas atklāj rases vai etnisko piederību, politiskos uzskatus, reliģisko vai filozofisko pārliecību vai dalību arodbiedrībās, un ģenētisko datu, biometrisko datu, lai veiktu fiziskas personas unikālu identifikāciju, veselības datu vai datu par fiziskas personas dzimumdzīvi vai seksuālo orientāciju apstrāde.

1. Processing of personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, or trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, data concerning health or data concerning a natural person’s sex life or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

2. Šā panta 1. punktu nepiemēro, ja ir piemērojams kāds no šādiem pamatojumiem:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

a) datu subjekts ir devis nepārprotamu piekrišanu šo personas datu apstrādei vienam vai vairākiem konkrētiem nolūkiem, izņemot, ja Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību akti paredz, ka 1. punktā minēto aizliegumu datu subjekts nevar atcelt;

(a) the data subject has given explicit consent to the processing of those personal data for one or more specified purposes, except where Union or Member State law provide that the prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 may not be lifted by the data subject;

[…]

c) datu subjekts iebilst pret apstrādi saskaņā ar 21. panta 1. punktu, un apstrādei nav nekāda svarīgāka leģitīma pamata, vai arī datu subjekts iebilst pret apstrādi saskaņā ar 21. panta 2. punktu;

(c) the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(1) and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for the processing, or the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(2);

Savienojumi

21 pants VDAR. Tiesības iebilst

Article 21 GDPR. Right to object

1. Datu subjektam, balstoties uz iemesliem saistībā ar viņa īpašo situāciju, ir tiesības jebkurā laikā iebilst pret savu personas datu apstrādi, kas pamatojas uz 6. panta 1. punkta e) vai f) apakšpunktu, tostarp profilēšanu, kas pamatojas uz minētajiem noteikumiem. Pārzinis personas datus vairs neapstrādā, izņemot, ja pārzinis norāda uz pārliecinošiem leģitīmiem apstrādes iemesliem, kas ir svarīgāki par datu subjekta interesēm, tiesībām un brīvībām, vai lai celtu, īstenotu vai aizstāvētu likumīgas prasības.

1. The data subject shall have the right to object, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1), including profiling based on those provisions. The controller shall no longer process the personal data unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

2. Ja personas datus apstrādā tiešās tirgvedības nolūkos, datu subjektam ir tiesības jebkurā laikā iebilst pret savu personas datu apstrādi šādas tirgvedības vajadzībām, kas ietver profilēšanu, ciktāl tā ir saistīta ar šādu tiešo tirgvedību.

2. Where personal data are processed for direct marketing purposes, the data subject shall have the right to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her for such marketing, which includes profiling to the extent that it is related to such direct marketing.

[…]

d) personas dati ir apstrādāti nelikumīgi;

(d) the personal data have been unlawfully processed;

e) personas dati ir jādzēš, lai nodrošinātu, ka tiek pildīts juridisks pienākums, kas noteikts Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktos, kuri ir piemērojami pārzinim;

(e) the personal data have to be erased for compliance with a legal obligation in Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject;

f) personas dati ir savākti saistībā ar informācijas sabiedrības pakalpojumu piedāvāšanu, kā minēts 8. panta 1. punktā.

(f) the personal data have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred to in Article 8(1).

Savienojumi

1. Ja attiecībā uz informācijas sabiedrības pakalpojumu tiešu sniegšanu bērnam ir piemērojams 6. panta 1. punkta a) apakšpunkts, bērna personas datu apstrāde ir likumīga, ja bērns ir vismaz 16 gadus vecs. Ja bērns ir jaunāks par 16 gadiem, šāda apstrāde ir likumīga tikai tad un tādā apmērā, ja piekrišanu ir devusi vai apstiprinājusi persona, kurai ir vecāku atbildība par bērnu.

1. Where point (a) of Article 6(1) applies, in relation to the offer of information society services directly to a child, the processing of the personal data of a child shall be lawful where the child is at least 16 years old. Where the child is below the age of 16 years, such processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that consent is given or authorised by the holder of parental responsibility over the child.

Dalībvalstis minētajiem nolūkiem ar likumu var paredzēt jaunāku vecumu, ar noteikumu, ka šāds jaunāks vecums nav mazāks par 13 gadiem.

Member States may provide by law for a lower age for those purposes provided that such lower age is not below 13 years.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Information society service

129. While assessing the scope of this definition, the EDPB also refers to case law of the ECJ.[62] The ECJ held that information society services cover contracts and other services that are concluded or transmitted on-line. Where a service has two economically independent components, one being the online component, such as the offer and the acceptance of an offer in the context of the conclusion of a contract or the information relating to products or services, including marketing activities, this component is defined as an information society service, the other component being the physical delivery or distribution of goods is not covered by the notion of an information society service. The online delivery of a service would fall within the scope of the term information society service in Article 8 GDPR.

_{[62] See European Court of Justice, 2 December 2010 Case C-108/09, (Ker-Optika), paragraphs 22 and 28. In relation to ‘composite services’, the EDPB also refers to Case C-434/15 (Asociacion Profesional Elite Taxi v Uber Systems Spain SL), para 40, which states that an information society service forming an integral part of an overall service whose main component is not an information society service (in this case a transport service), must not be qualified as ‘an information society service’.}

Guidelines 3/2018 on the territorial scope of the GDPR (Article 3)

Offering of goods or services, irrespective of whether a payment of the data subject is required, to data subjects in the Union

The first activity triggering the application of Article 3(2) is the “offering of goods or services”, a concept which has been further addressed by EU law and case law, which should be taken into account when applying the targeting criterion. The offering of services also includes the offering of information society services, defined in point (b) of Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 [23] as “any Information Society service, that is to say, any service normally provided for remuneration, at a distance, by electronic means and at the individual request of a recipient of services”.

_{[23] Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services.}

2. Ja pārzinis ir publiskojis personas datus un tā pienākums saskaņā ar 1. punktu ir minētos personas datus dzēst, pārzinis, ņemot vērā pieejamo tehnoloģiju un tās piemērošanas izmaksas, veic saprātīgus pasākumus, tostarp tehniskus pasākumus, lai informētu pārziņus, kas veic personas datu apstrādi, ka datu subjekts ir pieprasījis, lai minētie pārziņi dzēstu visas saites uz minētajiem personas datiem vai minēto personas datu kopijas vai atveidojumus.

2. Where the controller has made the personal data public and is obliged pursuant to paragraph 1 to erase the personal data, the controller, taking account of available technology and the cost of implementation, shall take reasonable steps, including technical measures, to inform controllers which are processing the personal data that the data subject has requested the erasure by such controllers of any links to, or copy or replication of, those personal data.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(2) GDPR:

8.3.1 Obligations to PII principals

Control

The organization should provide the customer with the means to comply with its obligations related to PII principals.

Implementation guidance

A PII controller’s obligations can be defined by legislation, by regulation and/or by contract.

…

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3. Šā panta 1. un 2. punktu nepiemēro, ciktāl apstrāde ir nepieciešama:

3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to the extent that processing is necessary:

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(3) GDPR:

7.2.2 Identify lawful basis

Control

The organization should determine, document and comply with the relevant lawful basis for the processing of PII for the identified purposes.

Implementation guidance

Some jurisdictions require the organization to be able to demonstrate that the lawfulness of processing was duly established before the processing.

…

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a) lai īstenotu tiesības uz vārda brīvību un informāciju;

(a) for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information;

b) lai izpildītu juridisku pienākumu, kas prasa veikt apstrādi, kā paredzēts Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktos, kuri piemērojami pārzinim, vai lai izpildītu uzdevumu, ko veic sabiedrības interesēs vai saistībā ar pārzinim likumīgi piešķirto oficiālo pilnvaru īstenošanu;

(b) for compliance with a legal obligation which requires processing by Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller;

c) pamatojoties uz sabiedrības interesēm sabiedrības veselības jomā saskaņā ar 9. panta 2. punkta h) un i) apakšpunktu, kā arī 9. panta 3. punktu;

(c) for reasons of public interest in the area of public health in accordance with points (h) and (i) of Article 9(2) as well as Article 9(3);

Savienojumi

9 pants VDAR. Īpašu kategoriju personas datu apstrāde

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

2. Šā panta 1. punktu nepiemēro, ja ir piemērojams kāds no šādiem pamatojumiem:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

[…]

h) apstrāde ir vajadzīga profilaktiskās vai arodmedicīnas nolūkos, darbinieka darbspējas novērtēšanai, medicīniskas diagnozes, veselības vai sociālās aprūpes vai ārstēšanas vai veselības vai sociālās aprūpes sistēmu un pakalpojumu pārvaldības nodrošināšanas nolūkos, pamatojoties uz Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktiem vai saskaņā ar līgumu ar veselības darba profesionāli un ievērojot 3. punktā minētos nosacījumus un garantijas;

(h) processing is necessary for the purposes of preventive or occupational medicine, for the assessment of the working capacity of the employee, medical diagnosis, the provision of health or social care or treatment or the management of health or social care systems and services on the basis of Union or Member State law or pursuant to contract with a health professional and subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 3;

i) apstrāde ir vajadzīga sabiedrības interešu dēļ sabiedrības veselības jomā, piemēram, aizsardzībai pret nopietniem pārrobežu draudiem veselībai vai augstu kvalitātes un drošības standartu nodrošināšanai, cita starpā zālēm vai medicīniskām ierīcēm, pamatojoties uz Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktiem, kas paredz atbilstošus un konkrētus pasākumus datu subjekta tiesību un brīvību, jo īpaši dienesta noslēpuma, aizsardzībai;

(i) processing is necessary for reasons of public interest in the area of public health, such as protecting against serious cross-border threats to health or ensuring high standards of quality and safety of health care and of medicinal products or medical devices, on the basis of Union or Member State law which provides for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject, in particular professional secrecy;

[…]

3. Šā panta 1. punktā minētos personas datus var apstrādāt 2. punkta h) apakšpunktā minētajos nolūkos, ja šos datus apstrādā profesionālis, uz kuru saskaņā ar Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktiem vai valsts kompetento iestāžu ieviestiem noteikumiem attiecas dienesta noslēpuma ievērošanas pienākums, vai ja tos apstrādā šāda profesionāļa atbildībā; vai cita persona, uz kuru arī attiecas pienākums ievērot dienesta noslēpumu saskaņā ar Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktiem vai valsts kompetento iestāžu ieviestiem noteikumiem.

3. Personal data referred to in paragraph 1 may be processed for the purposes referred to in point (h) of paragraph 2 when those data are processed by or under the responsibility of a professional subject to the obligation of professional secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies or by another person also subject to an obligation of secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies.

d) arhivēšanas nolūkos sabiedrības interesēs, zinātniskās vai vēstures pētniecības nolūkos, vai statistikas nolūkos saskaņā ar 89. panta 1. punktu, ciktāl 1. punktā minētās tiesības varētu neļaut vai būtiski traucēt sasniegt minētās apstrādes mērķus; vai

(d) for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Article 89(1) in so far as the right referred to in paragraph 1 is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing; or

Savienojumi

89 pants VDAR. Garantijas un atkāpes, kas attiecas uz apstrādi arhivēšanas nolūkos sabiedrības interesēs, zinātniskās vai vēstures pētniecības nolūkos vai statistikas nolūkos

Article 89 GDPR. Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes

1. Uz apstrādi arhivēšanas nolūkos sabiedrības interesēs, zinātniskās vai vēstures pētniecības nolūkos, vai statistikas nolūkos saskaņā ar šo regulu attiecas atbilstošas garantijas datu subjekta tiesībām un brīvībām. Ar minētajām garantijām nodrošina, ka pastāv tehniski un organizatoriski pasākumi, jo īpaši, lai nodrošinātu datu minimizēšanas principa ievērošanu. Minētie pasākumi var ietvert pseidonimizēšanu, ar noteikumu, ka minētos nolūkus var sasniegt minētajā veidā. Ja minētos nolūkus var sasniegt, veicot turpmāku apstrādi, kas neļauj vai vairs neļauj identificēt datu subjektus, minētos nolūkus sasniedz minētajā veidā.

1. Processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Those safeguards shall ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in particular in order to ensure respect for the principle of data minimisation. Those measures may include pseudonymisation provided that those purposes can be fulfilled in that manner. Where those purposes can be fulfilled by further processing which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects, those purposes shall be fulfilled in that manner.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Scientific research

153. Recital 33 seems to bring some flexibility to the degree of specification and granularity of consent in the context of scientific research. Recital 33 states: “It is often not possible to fully identify the purpose of personal data processing for scientific research purposes at the time of data collection. Therefore, data subjects should be allowed to give their consent to certain areas of scientific research when in keeping with recognised ethical standards for scientific research. Data subjects should have the opportunity to give their consent only to certain areas of research or parts of research projects to the extent allowed by the intended purpose.”

e) lai celtu, īstenotu vai aizstāvētu likumīgas prasības.

(e) for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Vispārīgā datu aizsardzības regula (VDAR)

General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)

The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.

Ekspertu komentāri ISO 27701 Apsvērums Vadlīnijas & Case Law Atstājiet savu komentāru

Ekspertu komentāri

(EN) The so-called “right to be forgotten” was hailed as a breakthrough with the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation, even though it existed in a limited form before. Article 17 provides for a broader “right to erasure”, to take into account the exact wording of the provision. European Union residents have a right to ask for the deletion of their personal data, and the organization that holds the data has a corresponding obligation to erase them “without undue delay” under a certain number of circumstances.

…

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(EN) Author

(EN) Louis-Philippe Gratton PhD, LLM

(EN) Privacy Expert

(EN) Ask a question

(EN)

Data Subject Request Letter Sample

Concern: Request to erase my personal data

Dear Madam, Dear Sir,

You have data concerning me that I am asking you to delete…

…

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ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17 GDPR:

7.3.6 Access, correction and/or erasure

Control

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms to meet their obligations to PII principals to access, correct and/or erase their PII.

Implementation guidance

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms for enabling PII principals to obtain access to, correct and erase of their PII, if requested and without undue delay.

…

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Apsvērums

(65) Datu subjektam vajadzētu būt tiesībām uz savu personas datu labošanu un “tiesībām tikt aizmirstam”, ja šādu datu glabāšana pārkāpj šo regulu vai Savienības vai dalībvalsts tiesību aktus, kas ir piemērojami pārzinim. Jo īpaši datu subjektam vajadzētu būt tiesībām uz savu personas datu dzēšanu un apstrādes neturpināšanu, ja personas dati vairs nav nepieciešami saistībā ar nolūkiem, kādos tie vākti vai citādi apstrādāti, ja datu subjekts ir atsaucis savu piekrišanu apstrādei vai iebilst pret savu personas datu apstrādi, vai ja viņu personas datu apstrāde citā veidā neatbilst šai regulai. Minētās tiesības ir īpaši svarīgas, ja datu subjekts ir devis savu piekrišanu kā bērns, pilnībā neapzinoties ar apstrādi saistītos riskus, un vēlāk vēlas izņemt šādus personas datus, jo īpaši no interneta. Datu subjektam būtu jāvar īstenot minētās tiesības, neraugoties uz to, ka viņš vairs nav bērns. Tomēr personas datu turpmākai saglabāšanai vajadzētu būt likumīgai, ja tas ir nepieciešams, lai īstenotu tiesības uz vārda brīvību un informāciju, lai izpildītu juridisku pienākumu, lai izpildītu uzdevumu, ko veic sabiedrības interesēs vai īstenojot pārzinim piešķirtas oficiālas pilnvaras, pamatojoties uz sabiedrības interesēm sabiedrības veselības jomā, arhivēšanas nolūkos sabiedrības interesēs, zinātniskās vai vēstures pētniecības nolūkos, vai statistikas nolūkos vai lai celtu, īstenotu vai aizstāvētu likumīgas prasības.

(65) A data subject should have the right to have personal data concerning him or her rectified and a ‘right to be forgotten’ where the retention of such data infringes this Regulation or Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject. In particular, a data subject should have the right to have his or her personal data erased and no longer processed where the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are collected or otherwise processed, where a data subject has withdrawn his or her consent or objects to the processing of personal data concerning him or her, or where the processing of his or her personal data does not otherwise comply with this Regulation. That right is relevant in particular where the data subject has given his or her consent as a child and is not fully aware of the risks involved by the processing, and later wants to remove such personal data, especially on the internet. The data subject should be able to exercise that right notwithstanding the fact that he or she is no longer a child. However, the further retention of the personal data should be lawful where it is necessary, for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information, for compliance with a legal obligation, for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, on the grounds of public interest in the area of public health, for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

(66) Lai stiprinātu tiesības tikt aizmirstam tiešsaistes vidē, arī tiesības uz dzēšanu būtu jāpaplašina tā, lai pārzinim, kas ir publiskojis personas datus, būtu pienākums informēt pārziņus, kuri apstrādā šādus personas datus, par to, ka ir jādzēš visas saites uz minētajiem personas datiem vai minēto personas datu kopijas vai atveidojumi. To darot, pārzinim būtu jāveic saprātīgi pasākumi, ņemot vērā pieejamo tehnoloģiju un pārziņa rīcībā esošos līdzekļus, tostarp tehniskie pasākumi, ar ko pārziņus, kuri apstrādā personas datus, informē par datu subjekta pieprasījumu.

(66) To strengthen the right to be forgotten in the online environment, the right to erasure should also be extended in such a way that a controller who has made the personal data public should be obliged to inform the controllers which are processing such personal data to erase any links to, or copies or replications of those personal data. In doing so, that controller should take reasonable steps, taking into account available technology and the means available to the controller, including technical measures, to inform the controllers which are processing the personal data of the data subject's request.

Vadlīnijas & Case Law

(EN)