Članak 17. 📖 GDPR. Pravo na brisanje („pravo na zaborav”)

Članak 17. GDPR. Pravo na brisanje („pravo na zaborav”)

Article 17 GDPR. Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)

1. Ispitanik ima pravo od voditelja obrade ishoditi brisanje osobnih podataka koji se na njega odnose bez nepotrebnog odgađanja te voditelj obrade ima obvezu obrisati osobne podatke bez nepotrebnog odgađanja ako je ispunjen jedan od sljedećih uvjeta:

1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay and the controller shall have the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay where one of the following grounds applies:

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(EN) Author

(EN) Siarhei Varankevich CIPP/E, CIPM, CIPT, MBA, FIP

(EN) Co-Founder & CEO of Data Privacy Office LLC. Data Protection Trainer and Principal Consultant

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(a) osobni podaci više nisu nužni u odnosu na svrhe za koje su prikupljeni ili na drugi način obrađeni;

(a) the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected or otherwise processed;

(b) ispitanik povuče privolu na kojoj se obrada temelji u skladu s člankom 6. stavkom 1. točkom (a) ili člankom 9. stavkom 2. točkom (a) i ako ne postoji druga pravna osnova za obradu;

(b) the data subject withdraws consent on which the processing is based according to point (a) of Article 6(1), or point (a) of Article 9(2), and where there is no other legal ground for the processing;

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Članak 6. GDPR. Zakonitost obrade

Article 6 GDPR. Lawfulness of processing

1. Obrada je zakonita samo ako i u onoj mjeri u kojoj je ispunjeno najmanje jedno od sljedećega:

1. Processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that at least one of the following applies:

(a) ispitanik je dao privolu za obradu svojih osobnih podataka u jednu ili više posebnih svrha;

(a) the data subject has given consent to the processing of his or her personal data for one or more specific purposes;

[…]

Članak 9. GDPR. Obrada posebnih kategorija osobnih podataka

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

1. Zabranjuje se obrada osobnih podataka koji otkrivaju rasno ili etničko podrijetlo, politička mišljenja, vjerska ili filozofska uvjerenja ili članstvo u sindikatu te obrada genetskih podataka, biometrijskih podataka u svrhu jedinstvene identifikacije pojedinca, podataka koji se odnose na zdravlje ili podataka o spolnom životu ili seksualnoj orijentaciji pojedinca.

1. Processing of personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, or trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, data concerning health or data concerning a natural person’s sex life or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

2. Stavak 1. ne primjenjuje se ako je ispunjen jedno od sljedećeg:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

(a) ispitanik je dao izričitu privolu za obradu tih osobnih podataka za jednu ili više određenih svrha, osim ako se pravom Unije ili pravom države članice propisuje da ispitanik ne može ukinuti zabranu iz stavka 1.;

(a) the data subject has given explicit consent to the processing of those personal data for one or more specified purposes, except where Union or Member State law provide that the prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 may not be lifted by the data subject;

[…]

(c) ispitanik uloži prigovor na obradu u skladu s člankom 21. stavkom 1. te ne postoje jači legitimni razlozi za obradu, ili ispitanik uloži prigovor na obradu u skladu s člankom 21. stavkom 2.;

(c) the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(1) and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for the processing, or the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 21(2);

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Članak 21. GDPR. Pravo na prigovor

Article 21 GDPR. Right to object

1. Ispitanik ima pravo na temelju svoje posebne situacije u svakom trenutku uložiti prigovor na obradu osobnih podataka koji se odnose na njega, u skladu s člankom 6. stavkom 1. točkom (e) ili (f), uključujući izradu profila koja se temelji na tim odredbama. Voditelj obrade više ne smije obrađivati osobne podatke osim ako voditelj obrade dokaže da postoje uvjerljivi legitimni razlozi za obradu koji nadilaze interese, prava i slobode ispitanika ili radi postavljanja, ostvarivanja ili obrane pravnih zahtjeva.

1. The data subject shall have the right to object, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1), including profiling based on those provisions. The controller shall no longer process the personal data unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

2. Ako se osobni podaci obrađuju za potrebe izravnog marketinga, ispitanik u svakom trenutku ima pravo uložiti prigovor na obradu osobnih podataka koji se odnose na njega za potrebe takvog marketinga, što uključuje izradu profila u mjeri koja je povezana s takvim izravnim marketingom.

2. Where personal data are processed for direct marketing purposes, the data subject shall have the right to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her for such marketing, which includes profiling to the extent that it is related to such direct marketing.

[…]

(d) osobni podaci nezakonito su obrađeni;

(d) the personal data have been unlawfully processed;

(e) osobni podaci moraju se brisati radi poštovanja pravne obveze iz prava Unije ili prava države članice kojem podliježe voditelj obrade;

(e) the personal data have to be erased for compliance with a legal obligation in Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject;

(f) osobni podaci prikupljeni su u vezi s ponudom usluga informacijskog društva iz članka 8. stavka 1.

(f) the personal data have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred to in Article 8(1).

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1. Kada se primjenjuje članak 6. stavak 1. točka (a), u pogledu nuđenja usluga informacijskog društva izravno djetetu, obrada osobnih podataka djeteta zakonita je ako dijete ima najmanje 16 godina. Ako je dijete ispod dobne granice od 16 godina takva je obrada zakonita samo ako i u mjeri u kojoj je privolu dao ili odobrio nositelj roditeljske odgovornosti nad djetetom.

1. Where point (a) of Article 6(1) applies, in relation to the offer of information society services directly to a child, the processing of the personal data of a child shall be lawful where the child is at least 16 years old. Where the child is below the age of 16 years, such processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that consent is given or authorised by the holder of parental responsibility over the child.

Države članice mogu u te svrhe zakonom predvidjeti nižu dobnu granicu, pod uvjetom da takva niža dobna granica nije niža od 13 godina.

Member States may provide by law for a lower age for those purposes provided that such lower age is not below 13 years.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Information society service

129. While assessing the scope of this definition, the EDPB also refers to case law of the ECJ.[62] The ECJ held that information society services cover contracts and other services that are concluded or transmitted on-line. Where a service has two economically independent components, one being the online component, such as the offer and the acceptance of an offer in the context of the conclusion of a contract or the information relating to products or services, including marketing activities, this component is defined as an information society service, the other component being the physical delivery or distribution of goods is not covered by the notion of an information society service. The online delivery of a service would fall within the scope of the term information society service in Article 8 GDPR.

_{[62] See European Court of Justice, 2 December 2010 Case C-108/09, (Ker-Optika), paragraphs 22 and 28. In relation to ‘composite services’, the EDPB also refers to Case C-434/15 (Asociacion Profesional Elite Taxi v Uber Systems Spain SL), para 40, which states that an information society service forming an integral part of an overall service whose main component is not an information society service (in this case a transport service), must not be qualified as ‘an information society service’.}

Guidelines 3/2018 on the territorial scope of the GDPR (Article 3)

Offering of goods or services, irrespective of whether a payment of the data subject is required, to data subjects in the Union

The first activity triggering the application of Article 3(2) is the “offering of goods or services”, a concept which has been further addressed by EU law and case law, which should be taken into account when applying the targeting criterion. The offering of services also includes the offering of information society services, defined in point (b) of Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 [23] as “any Information Society service, that is to say, any service normally provided for remuneration, at a distance, by electronic means and at the individual request of a recipient of services”.

_{[23] Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services.}

2. Ako je voditelj obrade javno objavio osobne podatke i dužan je u skladu sa stavkom 1. obrisati te osobne podatke, uzimajući u obzir dostupnu tehnologiju i trošak provedbe, voditelj obrade poduzima razumne mjere, uključujući tehničke mjere, kako bi informirao voditelje obrade koji obrađuju osobne podatke da je ispitanik zatražio od tih voditelja obrade da izbrišu sve poveznice do njih ili kopiju ili rekonstrukciju tih osobnih podataka.

2. Where the controller has made the personal data public and is obliged pursuant to paragraph 1 to erase the personal data, the controller, taking account of available technology and the cost of implementation, shall take reasonable steps, including technical measures, to inform controllers which are processing the personal data that the data subject has requested the erasure by such controllers of any links to, or copy or replication of, those personal data.

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII processors.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(2) GDPR:

8.3.1 Obligations to PII principals

Control

The organization should provide the customer with the means to comply with its obligations related to PII principals.

Implementation guidance

A PII controller’s obligations can be defined by legislation, by regulation and/or by contract.

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3. Stavci 1. i 2. ne primjenjuju se u mjeri u kojoj je obrada nužna:

3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to the extent that processing is necessary:

ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17(3) GDPR:

7.2.2 Identify lawful basis

Control

The organization should determine, document and comply with the relevant lawful basis for the processing of PII for the identified purposes.

Implementation guidance

Some jurisdictions require the organization to be able to demonstrate that the lawfulness of processing was duly established before the processing.

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(a) radi ostvarivanja prava na slobodu izražavanja i informiranja;

(a) for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information;

(b) radi poštovanja pravne obveze kojom se zahtijeva obrada u pravu Unije ili pravu države članice kojem podliježe voditelj obrade ili za izvršavanje zadaće od javnog interesa ili pri izvršavanju službene ovlasti voditelja obrade;

(b) for compliance with a legal obligation which requires processing by Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller;

(c) zbog javnog interesa u području javnog zdravlja u skladu s člankom 9. stavkom 2. točkama (h) i (i) kao i člankom 9. stavkom 3.;

(c) for reasons of public interest in the area of public health in accordance with points (h) and (i) of Article 9(2) as well as Article 9(3);

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Članak 9. GDPR. Obrada posebnih kategorija osobnih podataka

Article 9 GDPR. Processing of special categories of personal data

2. Stavak 1. ne primjenjuje se ako je ispunjen jedno od sljedećeg:

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:

[…]

(h) obrada je nužna u svrhu preventivne medicine ili medicine rada radi procjene radne sposobnosti zaposlenika, medicinske dijagnoze, pružanja zdravstvene ili socijalne skrbi ili tretmana ili upravljanja zdravstvenim ili socijalnim sustavima i uslugama na temelju prava Unije ili prava države članice ili u skladu s ugovorom sa zdravstvenim radnikom te u skladu s uvjetima i zaštitnim mjerama iz stavka 3.;

(h) processing is necessary for the purposes of preventive or occupational medicine, for the assessment of the working capacity of the employee, medical diagnosis, the provision of health or social care or treatment or the management of health or social care systems and services on the basis of Union or Member State law or pursuant to contract with a health professional and subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 3;

(i) obrada je nužna u svrhu javnog interesa u području javnog zdravlja kao što je zaštita od ozbiljnih prekograničnih prijetnji zdravlju ili osiguravanje visokih standarda kvalitete i sigurnosti zdravstvene skrbi te lijekova i medicinskih proizvoda, na temelju prava Unije ili prava države članice kojim se propisuju odgovarajuće i posebne mjere za zaštitu prava i sloboda ispitanika, posebno čuvanje profesionalne tajne;

(i) processing is necessary for reasons of public interest in the area of public health, such as protecting against serious cross-border threats to health or ensuring high standards of quality and safety of health care and of medicinal products or medical devices, on the basis of Union or Member State law which provides for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject, in particular professional secrecy;

[…]

3. Osobni podaci iz stavka 1. mogu se obrađivati u svrhe navedene u stavku 2. točki (h) kada te podatke obrađuje stručno tijelo ili se podaci obrađuju pod odgovornošću stručnog tijela koje podliježe obvezi čuvanja poslovne tajne sukladno pravu Unije ili pravu države članice ili pravilima koja su odredila nadležna nacionalna tijela ili druga osoba koja također podliježe obvezi čuvanja tajne sukladno pravu Unije ili pravu države članice ili pravilima koja su utvrdila nadležna nacionalna tijela.

3. Personal data referred to in paragraph 1 may be processed for the purposes referred to in point (h) of paragraph 2 when those data are processed by or under the responsibility of a professional subject to the obligation of professional secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies or by another person also subject to an obligation of secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies.

(d) u svrhe arhiviranja u javnom interesu, u svrhe znanstvenog ili povijesnog istraživanja ili u statističke svrhe u skladu s člankom 89. stavkom 1. u mjeri u kojoj je vjerojatno da se pravom iz stavka 1. može onemogućiti ili ozbiljno ugroziti postizanje ciljeva te obrade; ili

(d) for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Article 89(1) in so far as the right referred to in paragraph 1 is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing; or

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Članak 89. GDPR. Zaštitne mjere i odstupanja vezano za obradu u svrhe arhiviranja u javnom interesu, u svrhe znanstvenog ili povijesnog istraživanja ili u statističke svrhe

Article 89 GDPR. Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes

1. Na obradu u svrhe arhiviranja u javnom interesu, u svrhe znanstvenog ili povijesnog istraživanja ili u statističke svrhe primjenjuju se odgovarajuće zaštitne mjere u skladu s ovom Uredbom u pogledu prava i sloboda ispitanika. Tim zaštitnim mjerama osigurava se da su na snazi tehničke i organizacijske mjere, posebno kako bi se zajamčilo načelo smanjenja količine podataka. Te mjere mogu uključivati pseudonimizaciju, pod uvjetom da se te svrhe mogu postići na taj način. Ako se te svrhe mogu postići daljnjom obradom koja ne dopušta ili više ne dopušta identifikaciju ispitanika, te se svrhe postižu na taj način.

1. Processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Those safeguards shall ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in particular in order to ensure respect for the principle of data minimisation. Those measures may include pseudonymisation provided that those purposes can be fulfilled in that manner. Where those purposes can be fulfilled by further processing which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects, those purposes shall be fulfilled in that manner.

[…]

Guidelines on consent under Regulation 2016/679

Scientific research

153. Recital 33 seems to bring some flexibility to the degree of specification and granularity of consent in the context of scientific research. Recital 33 states: “It is often not possible to fully identify the purpose of personal data processing for scientific research purposes at the time of data collection. Therefore, data subjects should be allowed to give their consent to certain areas of scientific research when in keeping with recognised ethical standards for scientific research. Data subjects should have the opportunity to give their consent only to certain areas of research or parts of research projects to the extent allowed by the intended purpose.”

(e) radi postavljanja, ostvarivanja ili obrane pravnih zahtjeva.

(e) for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

Opća uredba o zaštiti podataka (GDPR)

General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)

The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.

Stručni komentar ISO 27701 Uvodne izjave Smjernice i sudska praksa Ostavite komentar

Stručni komentar

(EN) The so-called “right to be forgotten” was hailed as a breakthrough with the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation, even though it existed in a limited form before. Article 17 provides for a broader “right to erasure”, to take into account the exact wording of the provision. European Union residents have a right to ask for the deletion of their personal data, and the organization that holds the data has a corresponding obligation to erase them “without undue delay” under a certain number of circumstances.

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(EN) Louis-Philippe Gratton PhD, LLM

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(EN)

Data Subject Request Letter Sample

Concern: Request to erase my personal data

Dear Madam, Dear Sir,

You have data concerning me that I am asking you to delete…

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ISO 27701

(EN) ISO/IEC 27701, adopted in 2019, added additional ISO/IEC 27002 guidance for PII controllers.

Here is the relevant paragraph to article 17 GDPR:

7.3.6 Access, correction and/or erasure

Control

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms to meet their obligations to PII principals to access, correct and/or erase their PII.

Implementation guidance

The organization should implement policies, procedures and/or mechanisms for enabling PII principals to obtain access to, correct and erase of their PII, if requested and without undue delay.

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Uvodne izjave

(65) Ispitanik bi trebao imati pravo na ispravak osobnih podataka koji se na njega odnose te „pravo na zaborav” ako zadržavanje takvih podataka krši ovu Uredbu ili pravo Unije ili pravo države članice koje se primjenjuje na voditelja obrade. Ispitanici bi osobito trebali imati pravo da se njihovi osobni podaci brišu i više ne obrađuju ako ti osobni podaci više nisu potrebni s obzirom na svrhu u koju su prikupljeni ili na druge načine obrađivani, ako su ispitanici povukli svoju privolu ili ako daju prigovor na obradu osobnih podataka koji se odnose na njih ili ako obrada njihovih osobnih podataka na druge načine nije u skladu s ovom Uredbom. Ovo je pravo osobito bitno ako je ispitanik dao svoju privolu dok je bio dijete i nije bio u potpunosti svjestan rizika obrade, a kasnije želi ukloniti takve osobne podatke, osobito na internetu. Ispitanik bi trebao biti u mogućnosti ostvariti to pravo neovisno o činjenici da više nije dijete. No daljnja pohrana osobnih podataka trebala bi biti zakonita ako je nužna za ostvarivanje prava na slobodu izražavanja i na slobodu informiranja, radi poštovanja pravnih obveza, za izvršavanje zadaće od javnog interesa ili izvršavanje službene ovlasti voditelja obrade, na temelju javnog interesa u području javnog zdravlja, u svrhe arhiviranja od javnog interesa, u svrhe znanstvenih ili povijesnih istraživanja, u statističke svrhe ili za postavljanje, ostvarivanje ili obranu pravnih zahtjeva.

(65) A data subject should have the right to have personal data concerning him or her rectified and a ‘right to be forgotten’ where the retention of such data infringes this Regulation or Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject. In particular, a data subject should have the right to have his or her personal data erased and no longer processed where the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are collected or otherwise processed, where a data subject has withdrawn his or her consent or objects to the processing of personal data concerning him or her, or where the processing of his or her personal data does not otherwise comply with this Regulation. That right is relevant in particular where the data subject has given his or her consent as a child and is not fully aware of the risks involved by the processing, and later wants to remove such personal data, especially on the internet. The data subject should be able to exercise that right notwithstanding the fact that he or she is no longer a child. However, the further retention of the personal data should be lawful where it is necessary, for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information, for compliance with a legal obligation, for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, on the grounds of public interest in the area of public health, for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

(66) Kako bi se ojačalo „pravo na zaborav” u internetskom okruženju, pravo na brisanje također bi trebalo proširiti tako da bi voditelj obrade koji je objavio osobne podatke bio obvezan obavijestiti voditelje obrade koji takve osobne podatke obrađuju da obrišu sve poveznice s tim osobnim podacima ili kopijama ili replikama tih osobnih podataka. Pritom bi voditelj obrade trebao poduzeti razumne mjere, uzimajući u obzir dostupnu tehnologiju i sredstva dostupna voditelju obrade, uključujući tehničke mjere da obavijesti voditelje obrade, koji obrađuju osobne podatke, o zahtjevu ispitanika.

(66) To strengthen the right to be forgotten in the online environment, the right to erasure should also be extended in such a way that a controller who has made the personal data public should be obliged to inform the controllers which are processing such personal data to erase any links to, or copies or replications of those personal data. In doing so, that controller should take reasonable steps, taking into account available technology and the means available to the controller, including technical measures, to inform the controllers which are processing the personal data of the data subject's request.

Smjernice i sudska praksa

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