Artikel 79 📖 GDPR. Adgang til effektive retsmidler over for en dataansvarlig eller databehandler

Artikel 79 GDPR. Adgang til effektive retsmidler over for en dataansvarlig eller databehandler

Article 79 GDPR. Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor

1. Uden at det berører andre tilgængelige administrative eller udenretslige klageadgange, herunder retten til at indgive klage til en tilsynsmyndighed i henhold til artikel 77, skal den enkelte registrerede have adgang til effektive retsmidler, hvis vedkommende finder, at vedkommendes rettigheder i henhold til denne forordning er blevet krænket som følge af behandling af vedkommendes personoplysninger i strid med denne forordning.

1. Without prejudice to any available administrative or non-judicial remedy, including the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority pursuant to Article 77, each data subject shall have the right to an effective judicial remedy where he or she considers that his or her rights under this Regulation have been infringed as a result of the processing of his or her personal data in non-compliance with this Regulation.

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Artikel 77 GDPR. Ret til at indgive klage til en tilsynsmyndighed

Article 77 GDPR. Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority

1. Uden at det berører andre administrative klageadgange eller adgang til retsmidler, har enhver registreret ret til at indgive klage til en tilsynsmyndighed, navnlig i den medlemsstat, hvor vedkommende har sit sædvanlige opholdssted eller sit arbejdssted, eller hvor den påståede overtrædelse har fundet sted, hvis den registrerede finder, at behandlingen af personoplysninger vedrørende vedkommende overtræder denne forordning.

1. Without prejudice to any other administrative or judicial remedy, every data subject shall have the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority, in particular in the Member State of his or her habitual residence, place of work or place of the alleged infringement if the data subject considers that the processing of personal data relating to him or her infringes this Regulation.

2. Den tilsynsmyndighed, som klagen er indgivet til, underretter klageren om forløbet og resultatet af klagen, herunder om muligheden for anvendelse af retsmidler, jf. artikel 78.

2. The supervisory authority with which the complaint has been lodged shall inform the complainant on the progress and the outcome of the complaint including the possibility of a judicial remedy pursuant to Article 78.

2. En sag mod en dataansvarlig eller en databehandler anlægges ved en domstol i den medlemsstat, hvor den dataansvarlige eller databehandleren er etableret. Alternativt kan en sådan sag anlægges ved en domstol i den medlemsstat, hvor den registrerede har sit sædvanlige opholdssted, medmindre den dataansvarlige eller databehandleren er en offentlig myndighed i en medlemsstat, der udøver sine offentligretlige beføjelser.

2. Proceedings against a controller or a processor shall be brought before the courts of the Member State where the controller or processor has an establishment. Alternatively, such proceedings may be brought before the courts of the Member State where the data subject has his or her habitual residence, unless the controller or processor is a public authority of a Member State acting in the exercise of its public powers.

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Guidelines 3/2018 on the territorial scope of the GDPR (Article 3)

“An establishment in the Union”

The threshold for “stable arrangement [9]” can actually be quite low when the centre of activities of a controller concerns the provision of services online. As a result, in some circumstances, the presence of one single employee or agent of a non-EU entity in the Union may be sufficient to constitute a stable arrangement (amounting to an ‘establishment’ for the purposes of Art 3(1)) if that employee or agent acts with a sufficient degree of stability. Conversely, when an employee is based in the EU but the processing is not being carried out in the context of the activities of the EU-based employee in the Union (i.e. the processing relates to activities of the controller outside the EU), the mere presence of an employee in the EU will not result in that processing falling within the scope of the GDPR. In other words, the mere presence of an employee in the EU is not as such sufficient to trigger the application of the GDPR, since for the processing in question to fall within the scope of the GDPR, it must also be carried out in the context of the activities of the EU-based employee.

_{[9] Weltimmo, paragraph 31.}

The fact that the non-EU entity responsible for the data processing does not have a branch or subsidiary in a Member State does not preclude it from having an establishment there within the meaning of EU data protection law. Although the notion of establishment is broad, it is not without limits. It is not possible to conclude that the non-EU entity has an establishment in the Union merely because the undertaking’s website is accessible in the Union [10].

_{[10] CJEU, Verein für Konsumenteninformation v. Amazon EU Sarl, Case C‑191/15, 28 July 2016, paragraph 76 (hereafter “Verein für Konsumenteninformation”).}

Generel forordning om databeskyttelse (GDPR)

General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR)

The latest consolidated version of the Regulation with corrections by Corrigendum, OJ L 127, 23.5.2018, p. 2 ((EU) 2016/679). Source: EUR-lex.

Betragtning Efterlad en kommentar

Betragtning

(145) For så vidt angår sager mod en dataansvarlig eller databehandler bør sagsøger have valget mellem at indbringe sagen for domstolene i de medlemsstater, hvor den dataansvarlige eller databehandleren er etableret, eller i den medlemsstat, hvor den registrerede er bosiddende, medmindre den dataansvarlige er en offentlig myndighed i en medlemsstat og udøver offentligretlige beføjelser.

(145) For proceedings against a controller or processor, the plaintiff should have the choice to bring the action before the courts of the Member States where the controller or processor has an establishment or where the data subject resides, unless the controller is a public authority of a Member State acting in the exercise of its public powers.

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